<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-8231</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análise Psicológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Aná. Psicológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-8231</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ISPA-Instituto Universitário]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-82312006000400003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[As histórias das crianças: Um estudo sobre competência e capacidade narrativa com crianças em situação de pobreza]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Glicéria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Jardim de Infância N.º 4 de Portimão  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Portimão ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>467</fpage>
<lpage>484</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-82312006000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-82312006000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-82312006000400003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este estudo analisou os factores de risco, a competência e a capacidade narrativa de um grupo de crianças em situação de pobreza. Uma revisão da literatura destacou as narrativas produzidas pelas crianças como um instrumento com interesse para a análise da resiliência ou competência das crianças. Participaram nesta investigação 40 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 4 e os 6 anos, que frequentavam três Jardins de Infância do concelho de Portimão. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Early Development Instrument (EDI), o teste de avaliação da linguagem oral, a ficha de dados demográficos e o MacArthur Story Stem Battery, que avaliaram, respectivamente, a competência geral das crianças, o nível de risco familiar e as capacidades narrativas. Cada narrativa foi codificada por unidades informativas, nível de cronologia e organização. Os resultados demonstraram que as crianças que possuíam níveis mais elevados de competência elaboraram narrativas com mais conteúdos informativos. O nível de risco experienciado pelas crianças relacionou-se significativamente com a linguagem oral e a capacidade narrativa. As meninas revelaram-se mais competentes nas narrativas do que os meninos. De um modo geral, os dados enfatizam a importância da relação entre a competência e a capacidade narrativa e de como estas duas características são importantes na promoção do sucesso educativo das crianças.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This study analyzed the existing risk factors, competence and narrative ability of a group of children in poverty. The literature review singled out the use of narratives produced by children as a valid instrument in the analysis of children’s resilience or competence. 40 children, of both genders, participated in this investigation, aged 4 to 6 years old, and going to 3 Kindergarten in Portimão. The Early Development Instrument (EDI), oral language evaluation test, demographic data and MacArthur Story Stem Battery were used to, respectively, evaluate the children’s general competence, the family risk level and children’s narrative skills. Each narrative was coded in information units, chronology level and organization. The results show that children with higher levels of general competence were the ones who showed more information units in their narratives. The risk level was significantly related to oral language and narrative ability. Girls were more competent than boys, in regards to narrative ability. Generally, the data emphasizes the importance of the relationship between competence and narrative skills, and how these two characteristics are determinant to the promotion of educational success in children.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Competência/resiliência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[linguagem oral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[capacidade narrativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pobreza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Competence/resilience]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[oral language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[narrative skills (ability)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[poverty]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P><b>As hist&oacute;rias das crian&ccedil;as: Um estudo sobre compet&ecirc;ncia    e capacidade narrativacom crian&ccedil;as em situa&ccedil;&atilde;o de pobreza </b>   (<a href="#1">*</a><a name="top1"></a>)</P>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P align="right"><I>Glic&eacute;ria Gil (<a href="#2">**</a><a name="top2"></a>)    </I></P>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P align="center">RESUMO </P>      <P align="justify">Este estudo analisou os factores de risco, a compet&ecirc;ncia    e a capacidade narrativa de um grupo de crian&ccedil;as em situa&ccedil;&atilde;o    de pobreza. Uma revis&atilde;o da literatura destacou as narrativas produzidas    pelas crian&ccedil;as como um instrumento com interesse para a an&aacute;lise    da resili&ecirc;ncia ou compet&ecirc;ncia das crian&ccedil;as. Participaram    nesta investiga&ccedil;&atilde;o 40 crian&ccedil;as, de ambos os sexos, com    idades compreendidas entre os 4 e os 6 anos, que frequentavam tr&ecirc;s Jardins    de Inf&acirc;ncia do concelho de Portim&atilde;o. Os instrumentos utilizados    foram o <I>Early Development Instrument </I>(EDI), o teste de avalia&ccedil;&atilde;o    da linguagem oral, a ficha de dados demogr&aacute;ficos e o <I>MacArthur Story Stem Battery</I>, que avaliaram,    respectivamente, a compet&ecirc;ncia geral das crian&ccedil;as, o n&iacute;vel    de risco familiar e as capacidades narrativas. Cada narrativa foi codificada    por unidades informativas, n&iacute;vel de cronologia e organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o.    Os resultados demonstraram que as crian&ccedil;as que possu&iacute;am n&iacute;veis    mais elevados de compet&ecirc;ncia elaboraram narrativas com mais conte&uacute;dos    informativos. O n&iacute;vel de risco experienciado pelas crian&ccedil;as relacionou-se    significativamente com a linguagem oral e a capacidade narrativa. As meninas    revelaram-se mais competentes nas narrativas do que os meninos. De um modo geral,    os dados enfatizam a import&acirc;ncia da rela&ccedil;&atilde;o entre a compet&ecirc;ncia    e a capacidade narrativa e de como estas duas caracter&iacute;sticas s&atilde;o    importantes na promo&ccedil;&atilde;o do sucesso educativo das crian&ccedil;as. </P>      <P><I>Palavras-chave</I>: Compet&ecirc;ncia/resili&ecirc;ncia, linguagem oral,  capacidade narrativa, pobreza. </P>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P align="center">ABSTRACT </P>      <P align="justify">This study analyzed the existing risk factors, competence and    narrative ability of a group of children in poverty. The literature review singled    out the use of narratives produced by children as a valid instrument in the    analysis of children&rsquo;s resilience or competence. 40 children, of both    genders, participated in this investigation, aged 4 to 6 years old, and going    to 3 Kindergarten in Portim&atilde;o. <I>The Early Development Instrument </I>(EDI),    oral language evaluation test, demographic data and <I>MacArthur Story </I><I>Stem    Battery </I>were used to, respectively, evaluate the children&rsquo;s general    competence, the family risk level and children&rsquo;s narrative skills. Each    narrative was coded in information units, chronology level and organization.    The results show that children with higher levels of general competence were    the ones who showed more information units in their narratives. The risk level    was significantly related to oral language and narrative ability. Girls were    more competent than boys, in regards to narrative ability. Generally, the data    emphasizes the importance of the relationship between competence and narrative    skills, and how these two characteristics are determinant to the promotion of    educational success in children. </P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P><I>Key words</I>: Competence/resilience, oral language, narrative  skills (ability), poverty. </P>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P align="center">REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS BIBLIOGR&Aacute;FICAS </P>      <P>Anaut, M. (2005). <I>A resili&ecirc;ncia &ndash; ultrapassar os traumatismos</I>.  Lisboa: Climepsi Editores. </P>      <P>Bairr&atilde;o, J. (1995). A Perspectiva Ecol&oacute;gica em Psicologia  da Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o. <I>Psicologia, 10 </I>(3), 7-30. </P>      <P>Benson, M. (1993). The structure of four-and five-year-odds narratives  in pretend play and storytelling. <I>First &ndash; Language, 13</I>, 203-223. </P>      <P>Bradley, R., Whiteside, L., Mundfrom, D., Casey, P., Kelleher, K., &amp;  Pope, S. (1994). Early indications of resilience and their relation to  experiences in the home environments of low birth weight, premature,  children living in poverty. <I>Child Development, 65</I>, 346-360. </P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>Buchsbaum, H., &amp; Emde, R. (1990). Play narratives in 36-month-old  children: Early moral development and family relationships. <I>Psychoanalytic  Study of the Child, 45</I>, 129-155. </P>      <P>Brunner, J. (1987). Life as narrative. <I>Social Research, 54</I>, 11-32. </P>      <P>Canha, J. (2000). <I>Crian&ccedil;a Maltratada &ndash; o papel de uma  pessoa de refer&ecirc;ncia na sua recupera&ccedil;&atilde;o. Estudo  prospectivo de 5 anos</I>. Coimbra: Quarteto. </P>      <P>Clyman, R. (2003). Portrayals in Maltreated Children&rsquo;s Play Narratives:  Representations or Emotion Regulation? In R. Emde, D. Wolf, &amp; D. Oppenheim  (Eds.), <I>Revealing the Inner Worlds of Young Children </I>(pp. 201-221).  Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. </P>      <P>Costa, M., &amp; L&oacute;pez, E. (1996). <I>&Eacute;ducaci&oacute;n para  la salud &ndash; una estrategia para cambiar los estilos de vida</I>. Madrid:  Ediciones Pir&acirc;mide. </P>      <P>Cowan, P. A., Cowan, P. C., &amp; Schulz, M. S. (1996). Thinking about  risk and resilience in families. In E. M. Hetherington, &amp; E. A. Bleachman  (Eds.), <I>Stress, coping and resiliency in children and families </I>(pp. 1-8).  New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. </P>      <P>Emde, R., Wolf, D., &amp; Oppenheim, D. (2003). <I>Revealing the  Inner Worlds of Young Children</I>. New York: Oxford University Press. </P>      <P>Fiorentino, L. (2001). <I>How children express their resilience through  narrative: an examination of environmental risk, competence, and narrative  ability in a group of low-income preschool children</I>.  Disserta&ccedil;&atilde;o de Mestrado apresentada na Universidade de  Concordia, Quebec. </P>      <P>Fraser, M. W. (1997). <I>Risk and resilience in childhood: an ecological  perspective</I>. Washington, DC: NASW. </P>      <P>Garmezy, N. (1991). Resilience in children&rsquo;s adaptation to  negative life events and stressed environments. <I>Paediatric Annals,  20</I>, 459-466. </P>      ]]></body>
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<body><![CDATA[<P>Werner, E. E. (1993). Risk, resilience, and recovery: Perspectives from  the Kauai longitudinal study. <I>Development and Psychopathology, 5</I>,  503-515. </P>      <P>Winfield, L. (1994). Developing Resilience in Urban Youth. URL: <a href="http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/educatrs/leadrshp/le0win.htm" target="_blank">www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/educatrs/leadrshp/leOwin.htm</a>.  </P>      <P>Yunes, M. M., &amp; Szymanski, H. (2001). Resili&ecirc;ncia:  no&ccedil;&atilde;o, conceitos afins e considera&ccedil;&otilde;es  cr&iacute;ticas. In J. Tavares (Ed.), <I>Resili&ecirc;ncia e  Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o</I>. S&atilde;o Paulo: Cortez Editora. </P>      <P>Zimmerman, M. A., &amp; Arunkumar, R. (1994). Resiliency research:  Implications for schools and policy. <I>Social Policy Report: Society  for Research in Child Development, 8 </I>(4), 1-18. </P>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <P>(<a href="#top1">*</a><a name="1"></a>) Este artigo corresponde a uma investiga&ccedil;&atilde;o    mais alargada realizada no ano de 2004 no &acirc;mbito de uma licen&ccedil;a    sab&aacute;tica. </P>     <P>Agradecimentos: Os meus agradecimentos ao Professor Doutor Jos&eacute; Alves Diniz,  da Faculdade de Motricidade Humana &ndash; UTL, pela leitura cr&iacute;tica que  realizou a este artigo, confian&ccedil;a depositada e pelo acompanhamento prestado  no decorrer do meu percurso acad&eacute;mico e cient&iacute;fico. Agrade&ccedil;o  igualmente &agrave; Dr.&ordf; Ana Nascimento, psic&oacute;loga, pela revis&atilde;o  e sugest&otilde;es feitas. Agrade&ccedil;o &agrave; DGRHE &ndash; Minist&eacute;rio  da Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o pela concess&atilde;o de uma licen&ccedil;a sab&aacute;tica  que me possibilitou concretizar este estudo. Finalmente quero agradecer aos Presidentes,  Directores e Coordenadores das IPSS (Centro Paroquial da Mexilhoeira Grande, Sta  Casa da Miseric&oacute;rdia e Lar da Crian&ccedil;a de Portim&atilde;o), Educadoras,  Pais e Crian&ccedil;as que colaboraram e participaram neste estudo</P>       <P>(<a href="#top2">**</a><a name="2"></a>) Jardim de Inf&acirc;ncia N.&ordm;    4 de Portim&atilde;o, Urbaniza&ccedil;&atilde;o do Fojo, 8500 Portim&atilde;o.    E-mail: <a href="mailto:gliceria@netcabo.pt">gliceria@netcabo.pt</a> </P>       ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anaut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A resiliência: ultrapassar os traumatismos]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Climepsi Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
