Sónia F. Bernardes (**)

Filipa Jácome (**)

Maria Luísa Lima (**)

RESUMO

O presente artigo visa a tradução e adaptação do questionário Gender Role Expectations of Pain (GREP; Robinson et al., 2001) numa amostra da população portuguesa. O GREP avalia as expectativas de papel de género face a três dimensões da experiência de dor: 1) sensibilidade; 2) tolerância; e 3) disposição para expressar dor. Para cada uma destas dimensões os indivíduos avaliam: 1) as percepções estereotípicas (homem típico vs. mulher típica e vice-versa) e; 2) as percepções individuais (próprio vs. homem/mulher típicos). O instrumento foi traduzido e aplicado a uma amostra de conveniência, constituída por 202 estudantes universitários/as portugueses/as (42.6% homens; M idade = 21.8; DP = 3.06) a frequentar diversos cursos de um Instituto Superior de Lisboa. Uma sub-amostra de 26 estudantes (48.2% homens; M idade = 22.5; DP = 2.32) preencheu pela segunda vez o instrumento duas semanas após a primeira aplicação. Uma análise factorial em eixos principais extraiu os seis factores teoricamente esperados. O instrumento apresentou índices de consistência interna e temporal razoáveis na presente amostra. Os conteúdos das percepções estereotípicas denotam um favorecimento do grupo de pertença, ou seja, os homens tendem a favorecer o homem típico enquanto as mulheres favorecem a mulher típica. Os conteúdos das percepções individuais denotam um maior esforço por parte dos homens para se diferenciarem pela positiva, quer do homem quer da mulher típicos, que as mulheres.

Palavras-chave: Expectativas de papel de género, dor, questionário.

The goal of the present paper was the adaptation and validation of the Gender Role Expectations of Pain questionnaire (GREP; Robinson et al., 2001) in a sample of the Portuguese population. The GREP aims at evaluating gender role expectations of three dimensions of the pain experience: 1) sensitivity; 2) tolerance; and, 3) willingness to express pain. For each dimension, individuals evaluate: 1) stereotypical perceptions (typical man vs. typical woman and vice-versa), and; 2) individual perceptions (self vs. typical man/woman). The questionnaire was translated and administered to a convenience sample of 202 college students (42.6% men; M age = 21.8; SD = 3.06) at a Lisbon’s Higher Institute. A sub-sample of 26 students (48,2% men; M age = 22.5; SD = 2.32) filled out the questionnaire again two weeks after the first application. A Principal Axis Factor Analysis extracted the six theoretically predicted factors. The instrument showed reasonable levels of internal and temporal consistency. Stereotypical perceptions showed an in-group bias; men favoured the typical man while women favoured the typical woman. Individual perceptions showed a higher tendency for male participants to positively differentiate themselves from the typical man and woman as compared to female participants.

Key words: Gender role expectations, pain, questionnaire.

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(*) O presente trabalho foi parcialmente financiado pelo projecto PIHM/PSI/63505/2005 da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia e pelo Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social.

(**) Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social (CIS) / Instituto Superior das Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa (ISCTE), Lisboa. E-mail (da primeira autora): sonia.bernardes@iscte.pt