<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0870-8231</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Análise Psicológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Aná. Psicológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0870-8231</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ISPA-Instituto Universitário]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0870-82312025000100033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14417/ap.2139</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Item analysis of the Grit Assessment Scale: International version in Portuguese language]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Análise dos itens da Escala de Avaliação da Garra: Versão internacional em língua portuguesa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tatiana de Cassia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noronha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Paula Porto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ligia de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leandro S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade São Francisco  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Minho  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>50</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0870-82312025000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0870-82312025000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0870-82312025000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Grit can be understood as an element of personality, being a positive and non-cognitive human characteristic, composed of two components: perseverance of effort and consistency of interests. Due to its social, professional, and educational impact, grit has become a construct of great interest. Although some instruments have been developed and adapted for its evaluation in different contexts, the absence of measures in Portuguese led to the development of the Grit Assessment Scale - International Version in Portuguese Language (EAGrit-LP), based on samples from Brazil and Portugal. Even though previous studies have investigated some evidence of validity for the instrument, its items had not yet been individually evaluated. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to perform an item analysis, using Item Response Theory. For this purpose, a sample of 1.050 Brazilians and 656 Portuguese individuals responded to the EAGrit-LP (aged between 17 and 71 years old; M = 24.1 years; SD = 9.2). The results showed that all items had appropriate infit and outfit indices, and that items difficulty was, in general, low. Six items displayed differential item functioning (DIF), based on participants&#8217; gender and country of origin. These results can be used to revise the scale and guide the development of more challenging items, as well as to the development of normative tables that are specific to gender and country of origin.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: A garra (grit) pode ser compreendida como um elemento da personalidade, sendo uma característica humana positiva e não cognitiva, composta por dois componentes: perseverança de esforço e consistência de interesses. Devido ao seu impacto social, profissional e educacional, a garra tornou-se um construto de grande interesse. Embora alguns instrumentos tenham sido desenvolvidos e adaptados para sua avaliação em diferentes contextos, a ausência de medidas em língua portuguesa levou ao desenvolvimento da Escala de Avaliação da Garra: Versão Internacional em Língua Portuguesa (EAGrit-LP), com base em amostras do Brasil e de Portugal. Apesar de estudos anteriores terem investigado algumas evidências de validade do instrumento, seus itens ainda não haviam sido avaliados individualmente. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma análise dos itens, utilizando a Teoria de Resposta ao Item. Para isso, uma amostra de 1.050 brasileiros e 656 portugueses respondeu à EAGrit-LP (com idades entre 17 e 71 anos; M = 24,1 anos; DP = 9,2). Os resultados mostraram que todos os itens apresentaram índices de infit e outfit adequados, e que a dificuldade dos itens foi, em geral, baixa. Seis itens apresentaram funcionamento diferencial do item (differential item functioning; DIF), com base no gênero e no país de origem dos participantes. Esses resultados podem ser utilizados para revisar a escala e orientar o desenvolvimento de itens mais desafiadores, bem como para a construção de tabelas normativas específicas para gênero e país de origem.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Positive psychology]]></kwd>
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<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tests construction]]></kwd>
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<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Psicologia positiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Psicometria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Construção de testes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação psicológica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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