Resistências cruzadas em biótipos de Alisma Plantago-Aquatica resistentes ao bensulfurão-metilo e suas consequências

Cross resistance in bensulfuron-methyl resistant Alisma Plantago-Aquatica biotypes

Isabel M. Calha¹, Ilídio Moreira², Fátima Rocha¹

RESUMO

A aplicação repetida de bensulfurão-metilo em arrozais dos vales dos rios Sorraia, Sado e Mondego seleccionaram populações resistentes (R) de Alisma plantago-aquatica (Mo260, Sa88, So306 e So307). Determinou-se o nível de resistência (NR= ED₅₀ R/ ED₅₀ S) ao bensulfurão-metilo em plantas com 26 dias (6 filódios lineares) e com 42 dias (6 filódios expandidos) e a resistência cruzada a 14 herbicidas. Confirmou-se que quatro populações eram resistentes e uma (Mo190) era susceptível. Esta população provinha de um campo tratado com bensulfurão-metilo e bentazona anualmente. Os resultados dos ensaios de doseresposta confirmam a maior susceptibilidade ao bensulfurão-metilo, no estado fenológico 116. Apresentaram resistência cruzada a todos os herbicidas inibidores da ALS excepto ao metsulfurão-metilo e ao imazetapir. Obtiveram-se valores de NR de 3 a 315 para azimsulfurão, cinosulfurão e etoxisulfurão. Bentazona, MCPA, oxadiazão e propanil apresentaram NR próximos da unidade, indicando que herbicidas com diferente modo de acção mantiveram a sua eficácia e podem constituir alternativa no combate a populações de A. plantago-aquatica resistentes ao bensulfurão-metilo.

Palavras-chave: ensaios de dose-resposta, estado fenológico, sulfonilureias.

ABSTRACT

The repetitive use of bensulfuron-methyl in rice fields from Sorraia, Sado and Mondego river valleys had selected resistant (R) populations of Alisma plantago-aquatica in Portugal, identified as So306, So307, Sa88, Mo190; Mo260, respectively. The response of R-biotypes to bensulfuron-methyl at 26 days after seeding (DAS) and 42 DAS and the crossresistance either to ALS- inhibitors or to herbicides with other mode of action, was investigated in dose-response experiments. The results confirmed bensulfuron-methyl resistance in four biotypes, but not in Mo190, which had been also treated with bentazon every year. Younger plants (6 linear phyllodium, BBCH 116) were more susceptible to bensulfuron-merthyl than were older plants (6 expanded phyllodium, BBCH 126). R-biotypes presented cross-resistance to all ALS-inhibitors studied except for imazethapyr and metsulfuron-methyl. Resistance indeces (RI= ED ₅₀R /ED₅₀ S) ranged frome 3 to 313 for the three sulfonylurea herbicides. Herbicides with different mode of action including bentazon, MCPA, oxadiazon and propanil showed resistance indices of one, indicating that all herbicides tested had equal activity to both Rand S-biotypes. It was concluded that these herbicides could be effective for the control of resistant A. plantago-aquatica biotypes in rice paddy fields.

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¹ Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos

Quinta do Marquês

2780-155 Oeiras, Portugal.

isamc@dgpc.min-agricultura.pt

² Instituto Superior de Agronomia/Universidade

Lisboa, Portugal.

Recepção/Reception: 2006.06.07

Aceitação/Acception: 2007.07.22