<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2020000200021</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.19646</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Modelling of soil water and salt dynamics and prediction of salinity risks in Lezíria (Portugal) in response to different irrigation water qualities]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Modelação da dinâmica da água e de sais no solo e previsão de riscos de salinização na Lezíria (Portugal) em resposta a diferentes qualidades da água de rega]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castanheira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nádia L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farzamian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mohammad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Conceição]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária Laboratório de Solos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Oeiras ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Instituto Dom Luiz]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>21</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2020000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2020000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2020000200021&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The mitigation of soil salinization and/or sodicization phenomena are considered one of the main challenges of irrigated agriculture. In Portugal, Lezíria Grande of Vila Franca de Xira is a region with increased salinization and sodicization risks due to the influence of tidal movement on groundwater. This study aimed to evaluate soil water and salt dynamics in an irrigated Fluvisol with a crop rotation of maize and annual ryegrass and to predict irrigation-induced risks of soil salinization. We first calibrated the Hydrus-1D model for predicting soil water flow and solute transport with observed field data (from June 2017 to October 2018). Hydrus-1D successfully simulated soil water content (RMSE= 0.019 m3m-3 and R2= 0.94), the total dissolved solids (TDS) in the soil (RMSE= 0.212 g L-1 and R2= 0.77) and the reduction in water uptake by roots due to osmotic stress. Afterward we evaluate future risks of soil salinization performing a scenario analysis considering irrigation with different water qualities (with an electrical conductivity of the irrigation water, ECw, of 1.5, 3 and 5 dS m-1). We observed that when the ECw increases to 5 dS m-1, the average solute concentration in the root zone rises to levels above the threshold tolerance of maize. Hydrus-1D successfully simulated soil water content and the total dissolved solids and is a very useful tool in planning and managing irrigation and in predicting soil salinity risks.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O controlo e a mitigação dos fenómenos de salinização e/ou sodização dos solos são considerados um dos principais desafios da agricultura de regadio. Em Portugal, a Lezíria Grande de Vila Franca de Xira é uma região com riscos de salinização e sodização do solo acrescidos pela sua localização costeira e com influência das marés. Neste estudo, pretendeu-se avaliar a dinâmica da água e dos sais num Fluvissolo com rotação de milho e azevém anual e avaliar futuros riscos de salinização do solo induzidos pela rega. Este estudo iniciou-se com a calibração do modelo Hydrus-1D para prever o teor de água no solo e o transporte de solutos com medições de campo (de Junho 2017 a Outubro 2018). O Hydrus-1D simulou com sucesso o teor de água no solo (RMSE= 0.019 m3m-3 e R2= 0.94), o teor de sólidos dissolvidos (TDS) no solo (RMSE= 0.212 g L-1 e R2= 0.77) e a redução na absorção de água pelas raízes devido ao stress osmótico. Em seguida, o modelo foi usado na previsão de riscos de salinização do solo com uma análise de cenários considerando diferentes qualidades da água de rega (ECw de 1.5, 3 e 5 dS m-1). Observou-se que com a subida da ECw para 5 dS m-1, a concentração média de solutos no perfil de solo explorado pelas raízes aumenta para níveis superiores aos tolerados pela cultura de milho. O Hydrus-1D simulou o teor de água no solo e o teor de sólidos dissolvidos no solo com sucesso e é uma ferramenta muito útil no planeamento e gestão da rega e na previsão de riscos de salinidade do solo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[salinity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[modelling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[salts dynamics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risks simulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[salinidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[modelação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[dinâmica de sais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[simulação de riscos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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