<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2021000200041</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.24712</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Breaking the dormancy of Momordica balsamina L. seeds by resorting to pre-treatments]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Quebra de dormência de sementes de Momordica balsamina L. por recurso a pré-tratamentos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cossa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nasma Henriqueta Da Sorte]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Everson Reis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Heloísa Oliveira dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raquel Maria de Oliveira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juliana Maria Espíndola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luiz Fernando de Souza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cossa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melvis Celeste Vilanculos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Lúrio University Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Department of Extension]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mozambique</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Federal University of Lavras Department of Agriculture, Seeds Sector ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lavras MG]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique Department of Agronomy and Natural Resources ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maputo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mozambique</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2-3</numero>
<fpage>41</fpage>
<lpage>50</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2021000200041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2021000200041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2021000200041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The Cucurbitaceae family has some species with dormant seeds, including Momordica balsamina. Therefore, several methods have been used to overcome dormancy, as these help to accelerate the germination process. In this way, the objective was to evaluate seed germination at different temperatures after seed pre-treatments. The seed pre-treatments were: removal of the integument; wetting the substrate with 0.1% KNO3 solution; pre-cooling to 10 ºC for 3 days and control. Thereafter seeds germination temperatures were 25, 30 and 35 ºC in a BOD. Four replications of 25 seeds for each pre-treatment and temperature were used. After 21 days of the test assembly first germination count, germination, seedling emergence speed and seedling emergence were evaluated. The results showed physical seed dormancy. The removal of the tegument and the temperatures of 25 or 30 ºC, with 97 and 96% of germinated seeds respectively, provided ideal conditions for germination.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO A família Cucurbitaceae, possui algumas espécies cujas sementes apresentam dormência, inclusive Momordica balsamina L. Esta característica obriga à utilização de métodos de quebra de dormência para aceleração do processo de germinação. Assim, objectivou-se avaliar a germinação das sementes a diferentes temperaturas após o pré-tratamento das mesmas. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema factorial 4x3 com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por modalidade, sendo quatro pré-tratamentos: remoção do tegumento; humedecimento do substrato com solução de KNO3 a 0,1%; pré-esfriamento a 10 ºC durante 3 dias e a testemunha e três temperaturas de germinação 25, 30 e 35ºC em câmaras do tipo BOD. Posteriormente procedeu-se à avaliação da primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, velocidade de emergência de plântulas e emergência de plântulas. Os resultados evidenciaram dormência tegumentar (física) das sementes. A remoção do tegumento e as temperaturas de 25 ou 30 ºC, com 97 e 96% de sementes germinadas respectivamente, proporcionaram condições ideais para germinação.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[common balsam apple]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cacana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tegument dormancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[germination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[balsâmina-de-purga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cacana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[dormência tegumentar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[germinação]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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