<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2022000300121</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.28405</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Processamento de dados de temperatura do solo para simulações computacionais de um agro-ecossistema]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Processing of soil temperature data for computational simulations of an agroecosystem]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro CIQuiBio]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lavradio ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Superior de Agronomia LEAF ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Barreiro INCITE]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lavradio ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências CMAFcIO]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>130</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Os serviços de ecossistema, como a limitação natural de pragas, incluem-se nas estratégias de gestão de agro-ecossistemas e o seu uso pode ser otimizado com base no conhecimento provindo da modelação computacional das pragas, dos seus predadores, e da paisagem. Neste artigo focamo-nos no processamento de dados de temperatura do solo, necessários para o funcionamento dos modelos de praga-predador Bactrocera oleae (mosca da azeitona) e Haplodrassus rufipes (aranha do solo) no olival. A metodologia de processamento permitiu-nos (1) completar as lacunas existentes na série de dados de temperatura do solo, recolhidos com periodicidade horária, (2) convertê-la numa série com periodicidade diária, e ainda (3) criar uma variável adicional, a temperatura média diária do solo durante o crepúsculo vespertino. Este último passo possibilita que não haja uma perda de informação no que diz respeito àquele período específico do dia, reduzindo-se o erro associado à desaquação da resolução temporal da variável climática média diária para exprimir um fenómeno que ocorre apenas durante um determinado número de horas do dia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Ecosystem services, such as natural pest control, are included in agro-ecosystem management strategies and their use can be optimized based on knowledge from computational modelling of pests, predators, and landscape. In this article we focus on the processing of soil temperature data, necessary for the operation of the predator-pest models Bactrocera oleae (olive fly) and Haplodrassus rufipes (soil spider) in the olive grove. The processing methodology allowed us to (1) complete the gaps in the series of soil temperature data, collected on an hourly basis, (2) convert it into a series with daily periodicity, and (3) create an additional variable, the average daily temperature of the soil during the twilight. This last step prevents the loss of information regarding that specific period of the day, reducing the error associated with the deaquation of the temporal resolution of the average daily climatic variable to express a phenomenon that occurs only during a certain number of hours of the day.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[temperatura do solo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[processamento de séries climáticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[conversão de resoluções temporais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[linguagem R]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[modelação computacional de agro-ecossistemas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[soil temperature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate series processing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conversion of temporal resolutions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[R language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[computational modelling of agroecosystems]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afrifa-Yamoah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mueller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Missing data imputation of high&#8208;resolution temporal climate time series data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Meteorological Applications]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benhadi-Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chuhutin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing an Agent-Based Model for Haplodrassus rufipes (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), a Generalist Predator Species of Olive Tree Pests: Conceptual Model Outline]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biology and Life Sciences Forum]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calegari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards an Agent-Based Methodology for Developing Agro-Ecosystem Simulations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barthe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[SEFM 2011: Software Engineering and Formal Methods]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>431-46</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartz-Beielstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[imputeTS: Time series missing value imputation in R]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The R Journal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>207-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alves da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Developing a subpopulation-based model for the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae): conceptual model outline]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 1stInternational Electronic Conference on Agronomy]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>R Core Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R: A language and environment for statistical computing]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Vienna ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[R Foundation for Statistical Computing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jepsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nikolajsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Odderskær]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ALMaSS, an agent-based model for animals in temperate European landscapes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Modelling]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>167</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>65-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Landscape-scale simulations as a tool in multi-criteria decision making for agri-environment schemes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agricultural Systems]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>176</volume>
<page-range>102671</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plants Biodiversity in Olive Orchards and Surrounding Landscapes from a Conservation Biological Control Approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biology and Life Sciences Forum]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascual]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Do non-crop areas and landscape structure influence dispersal and population densities of male olive moth?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of Entomological Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>111</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zió&#322;kowska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Topping]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bednarska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laskowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Supporting non-target arthropods in agroecosystems: Modelling effects of insecticides and landscape structure on carabids in agricultural landscapes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science of the Total Environment]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>774</volume>
<page-range>145746</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
