<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2022000300461</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.28494</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Using a Portuguese regosol to derive soil reference values for arsenic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Utilização de um regossolo português para derivar valores de referência para arsénio]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anumah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abdulraheem Okehi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nogueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cachada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anabela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ruth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Porto Faculty of Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of the Basque Country Plentzia Marine Station Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology &amp; Biotechnology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Matosinhos ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Porto Faculty of Sciences Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center/ INOV4Agro &amp; Department of Biology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>461</fpage>
<lpage>470</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300461&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300461&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2022000300461&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Soil reference values (SRV) are preliminary screening benchmark values used to evaluate the potential toxicity of specific contaminants in soils. The Portuguese Environmental Agency has proposed SRV for metals and metalloids based on soil uses but without consideration for the soil type. This project aims to derive SRV for arsenic (As) using a natural Portuguese soil since it is known that soil properties can influence the mobility and bioavailability of contaminants. To achieve this aim, a non-contaminated regosol was collected and spiked with a range of concentrations of As. After, a battery of ecotoxicological tests was performed using the spiked soil, including microbial parameters, reproduction with invertebrates, plant growth assays, and aquatic organisms (to evaluate elutriates from the spiked soil) following standard protocols (ISO and OECD) and aimed at deriving concentrations that cause a x% effect (ECx) to the tested organism and/or the test endpoints assessed. The endpoints will be used to estimate a SRV (e.g., PNEC- predicted no effect concentration to the ecosystem or HC5 - hazard concentration for 5% of the species of the ecosystem) using Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) models. The results showed that As was very toxic to all the tested organisms, and based on the data we collected, an HC5 based on 10% effect concentrations HC5 (EC10) of 2.80 mg kg-1 of soildw was proposed as SRV for regosol.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Os valores de referência do solo (VRS) são usados &#8203;&#8203;para avaliações preliminares da potencial toxicidade de contaminantes específicos presentes nos solos. A Agência Ambiental Portuguesa propôs VRS para metais e metalóides com base no uso potencial do solo, mas sem considerar o tipo de solo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo derivar VRS para o arsénio (As) usando um solo natural português, tendo por base o conhecimento de que as propriedades do solo podem influenciar a mobilidade e a biodisponibilidade de contaminantes. Para atingir este objetivo, um regossolo não contaminado foi recolhido e contaminado com uma gama de concentrações de As. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma bateria de testes ecotoxicológicos usando o solo contaminado e incluindo parâmetros microbianos, reprodução com invertebrados, ensaios crescimento e germinação de plantas, assim como ensaios com organismos aquáticos (para avaliação de elutriados do solo contaminado) seguindo protocolos padronizados (ISO e OCDE), de forma a determinar as concentrações que causam um efeito de X% nos organismos ou parâmetros testados (CE ou do Inglês ECx). Estes valores serão usados para estimar um VRS (por exemplo, PNEC - concentração para a qual não se prevê a ocorrência de efeitos no ecossistema ou HC5 - concentração de perigo (do inglês: Hazard Concentration) para 5% das espécies do ecossistema) usando curvas de distribuição da sensibilidade das espécies (do inglês: SSDs). Os resultados mostram que o As é muito tóxico para todos os organismos/parâmetros testados e, com base nos dados recolhidos, um HC5 baseado em concentrações de efeito de 10% HC5 (EC10) de 2,80 mg kg-1 de solops foi proposto como VRS para regossolos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Soil Reference Values]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental Risk Assessment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecotoxicological Tests]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Species Sensitivity Distribution models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Valores de Referência do Solo (VRS)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação de Risco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Testes Ecotoxicológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[curvas de distribuição de sensibilidade das espécies]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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