<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2023000200081</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.31336</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Monitorização da amendoeira através de dados espacio-temporais adquiridos por veículo aéreo não tripulado]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Almond tree monitoring using spatiotemporal data collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guimarães]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nathalie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pádua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joaquim J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Albino]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems, INESC-TEC  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>81</fpage>
<lpage>90</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2023000200081&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2023000200081&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2023000200081&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A amendoeira (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb) é uma cultura em expansão em várias regiões do mundo. Em Portugal, esta expansão materializou-se com o aparecimento de novas plantações no País, a intensificação do sistema produtivo e o aumento da área de regadio. Para atender à crescente procura de amêndoas, é essencial investir em tecnologias agrícolas, com vista a aumentar os níveis de produção e realizar a monitorização da cultura. Na última década, o veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT) surgiu como uma importante ferramenta para as aplicações agrícolas. Neste estudo, propomos um método para monitorizar a cultura da amendoeira, utilizando-se dados espácio-temporais, adquiridos por um sensor multiespectral acoplado a um VANT. Diversos parâmetros estruturais das árvores (número de elementos e a altura da árvore) foram obtidos e analisados durante a época de crescimento, num amendoal tradicional. O Índice de Vegetação (IV) NDVI foi calculado para avaliar o estado vegetativo das amendoeiras através dos dados espácio-temporais. Os resultados dos índices em conjugação com os parâmetros estruturais obtidos, mostraram que houve uma diminuição dos IV ao longo da época de crescimento. Esta diminuição estará ligada ao aumento do &#8220;stress&#8221; hídrico. Este trabalho mostra a importância do uso dos VANT para monitorização de amendoais.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The almond tree (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb) is a growing crop worldwide. This expansion was manifested in Portugal by the establishment of new plantations, the intensification of the production system, and the growth of irrigated area. To meet demands for almonds, it is essential to invest in agricultural technologies that will improve production and monitor the crop. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have developed as a significant technology for agricultural applications throughout the past decade. In this study, we suggest a method for monitoring the almond tree crop using spatiotemporal data collected by a multispectral sensor accopled to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). During the growing season, in a traditional almond orchard, certain physical tree parameters (number of trees and crown area) were collected and analyzed. Using spatiotemporal data, vegetation indices (VI) were developed to evaluate the vegetative status of almond trees. In combination with the obtained physical parameters, the results of the indices indicated a decline in VI during the growing season. This decline will be associated with the rise in water stress. This study demonstrates the significance of employing UAVs to monitor almond orchards.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Deteção Remota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[amendoeiras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[monitorização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Remote Sensing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Unmanned Aerial Vehicles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[almond trees]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monitoring]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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