<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0871-018X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciências Agrárias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. de Ciências Agrárias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0871-018X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade de Ciências Agrárias de Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0871-018X2024000100091</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19084/rca.34938</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El aceite esencial de Carlina acaulis: un potencial herbicida natural contra la mala hierba Bidens pilosa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Carlina acaulis essential oil: a potential natural herbicide against the weed Bidens pilosa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spinozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eleonora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Moreiras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adela M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maggi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Filippo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araniti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabrizio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Vigo Facultade de Bioloxía Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vigo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Camerino School of Pharmacy Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project Research Center]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Camerino ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Università Statale di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Milano ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>91</fpage>
<lpage>100</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0871-018X2024000100091&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0871-018X2024000100091&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0871-018X2024000100091&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Gracias a su capacidad alelopática, la investigación de aceites esenciales (AE) como alternativas sostenibles para el control de malas hierbas ha despertado un considerable interés a lo largo de los últimos años. En este estudio, se ha evaluado la capacidad fitotóxica del AE extraído de Carlina acaulis L. (Apiaceae) en la mala hierba Bidens pilosa L. Este aceite, principalmente compuesto de óxido de carlina (98%), ha exhibido notables efectos fitotóxicos en el metabolismo de Bidens pilosa. Estos efectos incluyen necrosis en las hojas, reducción en el contenido relativo de agua y área foliar total, y un aumento en la relación peso seco/peso fresco, indicando una posible alteración en el estado hídrico de la planta. El análisis del sistema fotosintético reveló una significativa disminución en la eficiencia fotoquímica del fotosistema II (&#934; II) y en la eficiencia cuántica máxima del fotosistema II (F  v /F  m ) tras la aplicación del AE. En contraste, la energía disipada en forma de calor (&#934; NPQ) aumentó significativamente. El daño al fotosistema II coincidió con una disminución en las concentraciones de manganeso y calcio, sugiriendo una alteración en el clúster Mn4Ca del fotosistema II. El análisis metabolómico reveló acumulación de isoleucina y valina, asociadas comúnmente con estrés osmótico, y una disminución general en el contenido de azúcares. Nuestros resultados indican que el AE de C. acaulis es un producto natural prometedor con un fuerte potencial fitotóxico contra Bidens pilosa, y se sugiere la exploración de sus efectos en otras malas hierbas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Due to its allelopathic capability, the investigation of essential oils (EO) as sustainable alternatives for weed control has gained considerable interest in the last years. In this study, we investigated the phytotoxic capacity of the essential oil extracted from Carlina acaulis L. (Apiaceae) on the weed Bidens pilosa L. This essential oil, mainly composed of carlina oxide (98%), has demonstrated remarkable phytotoxic effects on the metabolism of Bidens pilosa. These effects include leaf necrosis, a reduction in relative water content and total leaf area, and an increase in the dry weight/fresh weight ratio, indicating possible alteration in the plant's water status. After EO short-exposition, analysis of the photosynthetic system revealed a significant decrease in the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (&#934; II) and the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (F  v /F  m ). In contrast, the energy dissipated as heat (&#934; NPQ) increased significantly. Damage to photosystem II was accompanied by a decrease in manganese and calcium concentrations, suggesting an alteration in the Mn4Ca cluster of photosystem II. Metabolomics analysis revealed a general decrease in sugar content and an accumulation of isoleucine and valine, commonly associated with osmotic stress situations. Our results indicate that the EO of C. acaulis is a promising natural product with strong phytotoxic potential against Bidens pilosa, and the exploration of its effects on other weeds is suggested.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aceite esencial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[óxido de carlina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fotosistema II]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metabolómica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[essential oil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[carline oxide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photosystem II]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metabolomics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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