Vanessa Barboza de Souza, Rodrigo Fagundes de Oliveira, Aurigena Ferreira, Raimundo de Araújo Júnior

Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

O objetivo dessa revisão é o acesso crítico à literatura a respeito dos efeitos tóxicos dos aminoglicosídeos nas estruturas histológicas do rim. Foram pesquisados os artigos científicos nas bases de dados da ScienceDirect, cujas palavras-chaves foram “NEPHROTOXICITY”, “AMINOGLYCOSIDES”, “GENTAMICIN” e “RENAL INJURY”. Os artigos que apresentavam apenas o abstract disponível, bem como as revisões sistemáticas foram excluídos. Foram considerados somente artigos relacionados com a morfologia do sistema renal publicados em língua inglesa e espanhola, e aqueles acessados através da base de dados da Capes. Dois revisores independentes avaliaram a elegibilidade e a qualidade metodológica de cada ensaio experimental e extraíram os dados. Sete foram selecionados. As variáveis estudadas foram as seguintes: autor(es), ano, objetivo, metodologia e conclusões. Os artigos selecionados utilizaram desde técnicas histoquímica e imunoistoquímica para identificação morfológica das alterações renais até espectroscopia. Foi possível também, verificar métodos de prevenção à nefrotoxicidade induzida pelos aminoglicosídeos, minimizando efeitos tóxicos. Os achados histopatológicos mostraram que a administração de aminoglicosídeos causaram apoptose e edema celular, interrupção da membrana basal, redução do espaço de Bowman e necrose tubular aguda.

Palavras-chave: aminoglicosídeos; apoptose; gentamicina; necrose tubular aguda.

Kidney Alterations by Aminoglycosides

The purpose of the review is to critically assess the published literature regarding the toxic effect of aminoglycosides in kidney morphological structures. Scientific manuscripts had been evaluated by the ScienceDirect databases whose keywords were “NEPHROTOXICITY”, “AMINOGLYCOSIDES”, “GENTAMICIN” e “RENAL INJURY”. The articles that presented only available abstract, as well as the systematic reviews were removed. Articles related with morphology of the renal system published in English and Spanish language, and those had assess through the database of the Capes had been considered only. Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility, and the methodological quality of each trial, and extracted the data. Seven studies were included on this review. The studied variables were the following ones: author, age, objective, methodology and conclusions. The selected articles used since histochemical and immunoistochemical techniques for morphological identification of the kidney alterations until spectroscopy. It was possible also, to verify methods of prevention to the induced nephrotoxicity for the aminoglycosides, being minimized toxic effect. The histopathological findings showed that administration of aminoglycosides caused apoptosis and intracellular edema, basement membrane interruption, glomeruli narrowing of the Bowman’s space and acute tubule necrosis.

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Correspondência:

Prof. Dr. Raimundo de Araújo Júnior

Departamento de Morfologia

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Av. Senador Salgado Filho, S/N

Campus Universitário

Lagoa Nova

59072-970 Natal, RN, Brasil

e-mail: araujojr@cb.ufrn.br