<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0169</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Portuguese Journal of Nephrology & Hypertension]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Port J Nephrol Hypert]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0169</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Nefrologia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-01692022000100057</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32932/pjnh.2022.03.173</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation and end-stage kidney disease]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tânia B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Correia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sofia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Porto (ICBAS/UP) Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUP)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>57</fpage>
<lpage>64</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-01692022000100057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-01692022000100057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-01692022000100057&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Atrial fibrillation is highly prevalent in patients with end&#8209;stage kidney disease. For patients with atrial fibrillation but normal kidney function, the net clinical benefit of oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists and non&#8209;vitamin K oral anticoagulants in preventing stroke against the hemorrhagic risk is well&#8209;known. However, dialysis patients present unique risk factors that increase ischemic stroke and bleeding events that are not included in the traditional risk scores. These points, in addition to the pharmacokinetic issues related to the use of oral anticoagulants in end&#8209;stage kidney disease, raise the question of the safety of these drugs, making it difficult to predict whether the benefit outweighs the risk. Data on this topic in chronic kidney disease stages 4, 5, and 5D patients is sparse and the clinical guidelines are also inconsistente in which is the best approach for these patients. This review gives an overview of the state of the art on this topic, specifically the recommendations of the newest guidelines, then discusses the various risk scores and their pitfalls, and finally summarizes the current knowledge on the possible benefits of Non&#8209;vitamin K oral anticoagulants versus Vitamin K antagonists in dialysis patients.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chronic kidney disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dialysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[end&#8209;stage kidney disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non&#8209;vitamin K oral anticoagulants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin K antagonists]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hindricks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Potpara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dagres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arbelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bax]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blomström&#8209;Lundqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association of Cardio&#8209;Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European heart journal]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Virani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bittencourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Callaway]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics&#8209;2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Havmoeller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narayanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rienstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>837&#8209;47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eikelboom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brimble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMurtry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ingram]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Canadian journal of cardiology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>S71&#8209;8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molnar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predicting in a predicament: Stroke and hemorrhage risk prediction in dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seminars in dialysis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>37&#8209;47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nigwekar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SU]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Demystifying the Benefits and Harms of Anticoagulation for Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology: CJASN]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>125&#8209;36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiremath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review and meta&#8209;analysis of incidence, prevalence and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in patients on dialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>3816&#8209;22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Randhawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vishwanath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Randhawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association Between Use of Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes Among Patients With End&#8209;Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA network open]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Proietti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guiducci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GYH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atrial Fibrillation and Thromboembolism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>1452&#8209;64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marinigh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe renal impairment and stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: implications for thromboprophylaxis and bleeding risk]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1339&#8209;48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[January]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cigarroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cleveland Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>104&#8209;32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Potpara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GYH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lenarczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallamaci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic kidney disease in clinical practice: a joint European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) and European Renal Association/European Dialysis and Transplantation Association (ERA/EDTA) physician&#8209;based survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>496&#8209;505</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turakhia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blankestijn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clase]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herzog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chronic kidney disease and arrhythmias: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European heart journal]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>2314&#8209;25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fauchier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Gelder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Natale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gianni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature reviews Disease primers]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>16016</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Staerk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sherer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Helm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atrial Fibrillation: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1501&#8209;17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meta&#8209;analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of internal medicine]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>857&#8209;67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bussey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ansell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral anticoagulants: mechanism of action, clinical effectiveness, and optimal therapeutic range]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>8s&#8209;21s</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winkelmayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End&#8209;Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seminars in nephrology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>618&#8209;28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giugliano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braunwald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deenadayalu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezekowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta&#8209;analysis of randomised trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>383</volume>
<numero>9921</numero>
<issue>9921</issue>
<page-range>955&#8209;62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[NOAC versus AVK: avaliação da qualidade de vida em idosos com fibrilhação auricular nos cuidados de saúde primários]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>16&#8209;23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heidbuchel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verhamme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hacke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Updated European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non&#8209;vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non&#8209;valvular atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1467&#8209;507</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neuen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallagher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Benefits and Harms of Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of internal medicine]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>171</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>181&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghoshal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms of Stroke in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American journal of nephrology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>229&#8209;39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reinecke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schäbitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pavenstädt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dilemmas in the management of atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>705&#8209;11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konstantinidis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nadkarni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yacoub]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simoes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Representation of Patients With Kidney Disease in Trials of Cardiovascular Interventions: An Updated Systematic Review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA internal medicine]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>176</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>121&#8209;4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klijn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paciaroni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korompoki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kõrv]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antithrombotic treatment for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack and non&#8209;valvular atrial fibrillation: A European Stroke Organisation guideline]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European stroke journal]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>198&#8209;223</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waterman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shannon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boechler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jama]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>285</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>2864&#8209;70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieuwlaat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pisters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crijns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor&#8209;based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>263&#8209;72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence and prediction of ischemic stroke among atrial fibrillation patients with end&#8209;stage renal disease requiring dialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heart rhythm]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1752&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piccini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lokhnygina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Go]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Renal dysfunction as a predictor of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: validation of the R(2)CHADS(2) index in the ROCKET AF (Rivaroxaban Once&#8209;daily, oral, direct factor Xa inhibition Compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation) and ATRIA (AnTicoagulation and Risk factors In Atrial fibrillation) study cohorts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>224&#8209;32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Apostolakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Renal function and outcomes in anticoagulated patients with non&#8209;valvular atrial fibrillation: the AMADEUS trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European heart journal]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>46</numero>
<issue>46</issue>
<page-range>3572&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roldán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manzano&#8209;Fernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does chronic kidney disease improve the predictive value of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2&#8209;VASc stroke stratification risk scores for atrial fibrillation?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Thrombosis and haemostasis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>956&#8209;60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Balancing stroke and bleeding risks in patients with atrial fibrillation and renal failure: the Swedish Atrial Fibrillation Cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European heart journal]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>297&#8209;306</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borowsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pomernacki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Udaltsova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new risk scheme to predict ischemic stroke and other thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: the ATRIA study stroke risk score]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Heart Association]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<page-range>1658&#8209;65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McAlister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMurtry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are Existing Risk Scores for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Useful for Prediction or Risk Adjustment in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Canadian journal of cardiology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>243&#8209;52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pisters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieuwlaat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Vos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crijns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A novel user&#8209;friendly score (HAS&#8209;BLED) to assess 1&#8209;year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1093&#8209;100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milligan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waterman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Culverhouse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical classification schemes for predicting hemorrhage: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (NRAF)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American heart journal]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>151</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>713&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Go]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borowsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pomernacki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Udaltsova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new risk scheme to predict warfarin&#8209;associated hemorrhage: The ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>395&#8209;401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Apostolakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Performance of the HEMORR(2)HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS&#8209;BLED bleeding risk&#8209;prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS (evaluating the use of SR34006 compared to warfarin or acenocoumarol in patients with atrial fibrillation) study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>861&#8209;7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindhardsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahlehoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bleeding risk in &#8216;real world&#8217; patients with atrial fibrillation: comparison of two established bleeding prediction schemes in a nationwide cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis: JTH]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1460&#8209;7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The HAS&#8209;BLED Score for Predicting Major Bleeding Risk in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical cardiology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>555&#8209;61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramspek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rookmaaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blankestijn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verhaar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1223&#8209;31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weigert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schafer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uremic bleeding: pathogenesis and therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American journal of the medical sciences]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>316</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>94&#8209;104</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vriese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bassand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Virdone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verheugt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FWA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cools]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bleeding and related mortality with NOACs and VKAs in newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: results from the GARFIELD&#8209;AF registry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Blood advances]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1081&#8209;91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tereshchenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henrikson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cigarroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative Effectiveness of Interventions for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: A Network Meta&#8209;Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Heart Association]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hicks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eisinga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[NOACs versus warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with AF: a systematic review and meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Open heart]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skjøth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nielsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kjældgaard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative effectiveness and safety of non&#8209;vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: propensity weighted nationwide cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>353</volume>
<page-range>i3189</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chertow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Warfarin and the Risk of Stroke and Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Receiving Dialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Canadian journal of cardiology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>737&#8209;46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takagi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugiyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miyashita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valentin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral Anticoagulation for Patients With Atrial Fibrillation on Long&#8209;Term Hemodialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>273&#8209;85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Proietti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clearance]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clinical Evidence for the Choice of the Direct Oral Anticoagulant in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation According to Creatinine]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmaceuticals]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahmood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lip]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GYH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nonvitamin K Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Severe Renal Dysfunction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista espanola de cardiologia]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>847&#8209;55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Genovesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallieni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badiali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Warfarin use, mortality, bleeding and stroke in haemodialysis patients with atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>491&#8209;8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brodsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulants and acute kidney injury: clinical and pathology considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Kidney research and clinical practice]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>174&#8209;80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risks of anticoagulation in patients with chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation: More than just bleeding?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Res Pract Thromb Haemost]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>147&#8209;8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vriese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caluwé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailleul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Bacquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borrey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Vlem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dose&#8209;finding study of rivaroxaban in hemodialysis patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American journal of kidney diseases]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>91&#8209;8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<label>58</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ariyawansa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mills]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of Single&#8209;Dose Rivaroxaban in Chronic Hemodialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American journal of nephrology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>229&#8209;36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<label>59</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mavrakanas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nessim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frisch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apixaban Pharmacokinetics at Steady State in Hemodialysis Patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>2241&#8209;8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<label>60</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barasch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tellor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of the Safety and Effectiveness of Apixaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Severe Renal Impairment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pharmacotherapy]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>412&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<label>61</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siontis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eckard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schaubel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcomes Associated With Apixaban Use in Patients With End&#8209;Stage Kidney Disease and Atrial Fibrillation in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>1519&#8209;29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<label>62</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chokesuwattanaskul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thongprayoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanawuttiwat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaewput]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pachariyanon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheungpasitporn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety and efficacy of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with end&#8209;stage renal disease: Meta&#8209;analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pacing and clinical electrophysiology: PACE]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>627&#8209;34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<label>63</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quinlan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of oral direct thrombin and factor xa inhibitors in development]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clinical pharmacokinetics]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1&#8209;22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<label>64</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ware]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qamri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satoskar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nadasdy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Warfarin&#8209;related nephropathy is the tip of the iceberg: direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran induces glomerular hemorrhage with acute kidney injury in rats]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2228&#8209;34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<label>65</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edelman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wenger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thadhani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maddux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dabigatran and rivaroxaban use in atrial fibrillation patients on hemodialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Circulation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>972&#8209;9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<label>66</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vriese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caluwé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pyfferoen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Bacquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Boeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delanote]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Vitamin K Antagonist Replacement by Rivaroxaban with or without Vitamin K2 in Hemodialysis Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: the Valkyrie Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>186&#8209;96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<label>67</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMurray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hylek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New England journal of medicine]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>365</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>981&#8209;92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<label>68</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hohnloser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hijazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amerena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of apixaban when compared with warfarin in relation to renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the ARISTOTLE trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European heart journal]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<issue>22</issue>
<page-range>2821&#8209;30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<label>69</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pokorney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Renal Hemodialysis Patients Allocated Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Atrial Fibrillation-RENAL&#8209;AF]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Heart Association Annual Scientific Sessions]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<label>70</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vriese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caluwé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Der Meersch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Boeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Bacquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety and Efficacy of Vitamin K Antagonists versus Rivaroxaban in Hemodialysis Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1474&#8209;83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<label>71</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Compare Apixaban and Vitamin&#8209;K Antagonists in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and End&#8209;Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<label>72</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Strategies for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation in patiEnts Receiving Dialysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<label>73</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eikelboom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Floege]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thadhani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winkelmayer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation in patients with kidney failure on dialysis: factor XI as a therapeutic target]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Kidney international]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1199&#8209;207</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
