<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542022000100016</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v31.i1.21113</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Characterization of play, sleep, and behavior in preschool-aged children]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Caracterização dos hábitos de brincar, sono e comportamento em crianças em idade pré-escolar]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braganca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raquel Lopes de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nogueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bárbara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lourenço]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fátima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar e Universitário João Centro Materno Pediátrico Department of Pediatrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Porto Ocidental Unidade de Saúde Familiar da Prelada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>16</fpage>
<lpage>24</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Playing is a fundamental activity of childhood. The primary goal of this study was to characterize the playing habits of Portuguese children aged between three and five years old. The secondary goals were to investigate children&#8217;s sleeping habits, audiovisual media exposure, and behavior, as well as caregivers´ perception of these.  Material and methods:  Observational study based on the application of an online questionnaire to parents and caregivers about children&#8217;s sociodemographic features, playing habits, exposure to screens, sleep, and behavior.  Results:  A total of 240 questionnaires were retrieved, 58.3% (n=140) of which regarding male children. Overall, 93.9% (n=225) of children attended or had previously attended kindergarten, 56.9% (n=137) practiced at least one extracurricular activity, 64.4% (n=155) played outdoors in most days, and 80.9% (n=194) played with their peers. Most caregivers (68.3%, n=164) daily played with their children, but 95% (n=228) would like to do it more often. Free play was preferred among children (64%, n=154). Most children (77.4%, n=186) had contacted with audiovisual media before the age of 18 months. Most caregivers (89.6%, n=215) considered that their children slept well, with 27.4% (n=66) acknowledging that they threw frequent tantrums and 21.3% (n=51) that they were impulsive or aggressive. Most caregivers recognized the importance of playing for children. Regarding sleep habits and behavior, lower focus in quiet activities (odds ratio [OR] 4.638, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.902-11.314) and more regular tantrums (OR 2.317, 95% CI 1.022-5.250) were independent predictors of sleeping problems.  Conclusion:  Free playing, frequent outdoor playing, and playing with other children stood out as protective factors of children&#8217;s physical and mental health. However, inadequate screen exposure and schedule overload with structured activities represent concerns that should be addressed in Pediatric appointments. Family-centered playful learning should be encouraged.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  Brincar é uma atividade essencial da infância. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi caracterizar os hábitos de brincar de crianças portuguesas com idades compreendidas entre os três e cinco anos. Como objetivos secundários, pretendeu avaliar-se os hábitos de sono, exposição a meios audiovisuais e comportamento das crianças, bem como a perceção dos cuidadores sobre estes estes assuntos.  Material e métodos:  Estudo observacional baseado na aplicação de um questionário online a pais e cuidadores sobre aspetos sociodemográficos, hábitos de jogo, exposição a ecrãs, sono e comportamento das crianças.  Resultados:  Foram recolhidos 240 questionários, 58,3% (n=140) dos quais relativos a crianças do género masculino. No total, 93,9% (n=225) das crianças frequentavam ou já tinham frequentado o jardim de infância, 56,9% (n=137) praticavam pelo menos uma atividade extracurricular, 64,4% (n=155) brincavam ao ar livre quase todos os dias e 80,9% (n=194) brincavam com pares. A maioria (68,3%, n=164) dos cuidadores brincava com as crianças diariamente, mas 95% (n=228) gostaria de o fazer mais frequentemente. A brincadeira livre foi a preferida entre as crianças (64%, n=154). A maioria das crianças (77,4%, n=186) tinha contactado com meios audiovisuais antes dos 18 meses de idade. Relativamente aos cuidadores, 89,6% (n=215) consideraram que as crianças dormiam bem, com 27,4% (n=66) a afirmar que as crianças faziam birras frequentes e 21,3% (n=51) que estas eram impulsivas ou agressivas. A maioria dos cuidadores reconheceu a importância do ato de brincar para a criança. Relativamente aos hábitos de sono, o menor foco em atividades calmas (odds ratio [OR] 4.638, intervalo de confiança [IC] 95% 1.902-11.314) e birras frequentes (OR 2.317, IC 95% 1.022-5.250) foram preditores independentes de problemas do sono.  Conclusão:  A brincadeira livre, brincar frequentemente ao ar livre e brincar com outras crianças destacaram-se como fatores protetores da saúde física e mental das crianças. Contudo, a exposição inadequada a ecrãs e a sobrecarga horária com atividades estruturadas constituem uma preocupação, devendo ser abordados nas consultas de Pediatria. A aprendizagem lúdica centrada na família deve ser incentivada.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[behavior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[play]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[brincar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comportamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[criança]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desenvolvimento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pediatria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sono]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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