<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542022000300226</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v31.i3.27755</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Gastrointestinal manifestations of COVID-19 in pediatric age]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Manifestações gastrointestinais de COVID-19 em idade pediátrica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Queirós]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mosca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandre]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marques]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Department of Pediatrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto Department of Pediatrics, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiencies Unit]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Pediatrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>226</fpage>
<lpage>233</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300226&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300226&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300226&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms associated with COVID-19 have become increasingly relevant, particularly in pediatric age. The expression of angiotensin II receptors in the GI tract may explain, not only the predominance of GI symptoms, but also the presence of isolated GI manifestations of the disease in some cases. The aim of this study was to characterize a population of pediatric patients with COVID-19 and investigate the association of this disease presentation with GI involvement and disease severity.  Methods:  Retrospective, observational study of pediatric patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing between March 2020 and September 2021. Data was retrieved from patients&#8217; clinical records.  Results:  A total of 241 patients were included, 132 (54.7%) of whom male, with a median age of 48 months (interquartile range [IQR] 10-144 months). The disease had multiple presentations, including at least one GI complaint in 39.4% of patients and exclusive GI symptoms in 3.3%. GI involvement significantly correlated with patients&#8217; age, being more frequent in younger children (p=0.001), and with fever (p=0.001). In the group with GI involvement, 86 patients (90.5%) had mild, 7 (7.4%) moderate, and 2 (2.1%) severe disease.  Conclusion:  COVID-19 GI manifestations occur more frequently in pediatric patients (39.4% in the present study) than in adult counterparts (12% according to the literature). Telephone follow-up made it possible to detect symptoms that could otherwise go unnoticed. Given the wide variety of clinical symptoms, clinicians should keep a high index of suspicion for this infection in young infants presenting with GI symptoms, even in absence of fever.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  Os sintomas gastrointestinais (GI) associados à COVID-19 têm assumido uma importância crescente, particularmente em idade pediátrica. A expressão de recetores de angiotensina II no trato GI pode estar relacionada, não só com a predominância de sintomas GI, como com a sua apresentação GI isolada em alguns casos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar uma população de doentes pediátricos com COVID-19 e avaliar o envolvimento GI e a gravidade da doença nesta população.  Métodos:  Análise retrospetiva e observacional dos processos clínicos de doentes com reação em cadeira da polimerase (PCR) positiva para SARS-CoV-2 entre março de 2020 e setembro de 2021.  Resultados:  Foram incluídos no estudo 241 doentes pediátricos com COVID-19, 132 (54,7%) dos quais do sexo masculino, com uma idade mediana de 48 meses (variação 10-144 meses). As características da doença foram variáveis, com 95 doentes (39,4%) a apresentar pelo menos uma queixa GI e 8 (3,3%) apenas sintomas digestivos. Foi identificada uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre o envolvimento GI e a idade (sendo aquele mais frequente em crianças mais jovens; p=0,001) e a presença de febre (p=0,001). No grupo com envolvimento GI, 86 crianças (90,5%) apresentaram doença ligeira, 7 (7,4%) moderada e 2 (2,1%) grave.  Conclusão:  As manifestações GI de COVID-19 em idade pediátrica identificadas neste estudo (39,4%) são mais frequentes do que as reportadas na literatura em idade adulta (12%). O seguimento telefónico permitiu detetar sintomas que de outra forma poderiam passar despercebidos. Dada a grande variedade de sintomas, os clínicos devem manter um elevado índice de suspeição para esta infeção em crianças com sintomas GI, mesmo em ausência de febre.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[abdominal pain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diarrhea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gastrointestinal symptoms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nausea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pediatric age]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vomiting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diarreia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[dor abdominal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[idade pediátrica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[náuseas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sintomas gastrointestinais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[vómitos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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