<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542022000300304</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v31.i3.27741</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19 and Pregnancy. When are complications expected?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19 e Gravidez. Quando são esperadas complicações?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela Reis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[António]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luísa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Department of Obstetrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>304</fpage>
<lpage>309</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300304&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300304&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000300304&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a RNA virus that cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical spectrum SARS-COV-2 infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to critical and fatal illness. The expression of host receptor for SARS-CoV-2 cell entry in placental tissue and the identification of SARS-COV-2 in the placental tissue supports that SARS-COV-2 infection may affect pregnancy outcomes. At the moment, there is some evidence of the impact of the infection in pregnancy and fetal outcomes especially in symptomatic cases.  Objectives:  The aim of this study was to review the current state of the art of SARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy and risk of adverse maternal, pregnancy and fetal outcomes, and to assess when these outcomes are most likely to occur.  Main text: Asymptomatic COVID-19 disease in pregnancy is common. When present, symptoms and signs are similar to those in nonpregnant individuals. Infected pregnant women have a higher risk of rapid clinical deterioration and symptomatic pregnant patients appear to be at increased risk of severe disease and death. There is no evidence of an increased risk of congenital abnormalities or pregnancy loss in women with COVID-19 during pregnancy. Vertical transmission does not seem to be common. There is an association between COVID-19 in pregnancy and preterm labour, cesarean delivery, preeclampsia and stillbirth.  Conclusions: Maternal complications are expected in pregnant women with older age, obesity, preexisting comorbidities or unvaccinated. Adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes are expected in pregnant women with symptomatic disease and when maternal infection occurs after 20 weeks of gestation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  A síndrome respiratória aguda grave - coronavírus 2 (SARS-COV-2) é um vírus de RNA que causa a doença COVID-19. O espectro clínico da doença varia desde assintomática a infeção crítica e potencialmente fatal. A expressão de recetores que permitem a entrada do vírus na placenta e a identificação do vírus no tecido placentar sugere que a infeção pode afetar a gravidez. Atualmente, existe já alguma evidência do impacto da COVID-19 nos desfechos obstétricos e fetais.  Objetivos:  O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado da arte relativamente à infeção por SARS-COV-2 na gravidez e o risco de desfechos maternos, obstétricos e fetais adversos e, ainda, analisar em que situações esses desfechos são mais prováveis de ocorrer.  Texto principal:  A infeção assintomática na gravidez é comum. Quando presentes, os sinais e sintomas são similares aos da população geral. Grávidas infetadas têm maior risco de rápida deterioração clínica e grávidas infetadas sintomáticas têm maior risco de doença grave e morte. Não há evidência de risco aumentado de anomalias congénitas ou perda gestacional em grávidas com COVID-19. A transmissão vertical não parece ser comum. Existe evidência da associação entre COVID-19 na gravidez e parto pré-termo, cesariana, pré-eclampsia e morte fetal intrauterina.  Conclusões:  Desfechos maternos adversos são mais prováveis de ocorrer em grávidas com infeção por SARS-COV-2 e idade avançada, comorbilidades, obesas ou não vacinadas. Desfechos obstétricos e fetais adversos são mais prováveis de ocorrer em grávidas infetadas sintomáticas, sobretudo doença grave, e quando a infeção ocorre após as 20 semanas de gestação.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fetus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[infant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[infectious disease transmission]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[newborn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pregnancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pregnancy outcome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vertical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[desfecho obstétrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[feto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[gravidez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[neonato]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[SARS-COV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[transmissão vertical]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorbalenya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baric]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Microbiol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>536-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>WHO Director-General's</collab>
<source><![CDATA[opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Weekly epidemiological update - 16 February 2021]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>579</volume>
<numero>7798</numero>
<issue>7798</issue>
<page-range>270</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characteristics of Women of Reproductive Age with Laboratory Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Pregnancy Status- United States, January 22 - June 7, 2020]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<issue>25</issue>
<page-range>769-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Update Characteristics of Symptomatic Women of Reproductive Age with Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Pregnancy Status - United States, January 22-October 3, 2020]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>44</numero>
<issue>44</issue>
<page-range>1641-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Run-Qian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hao-Ran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Potential influence of COVID-19/ACE2 on the female reproductive system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mol Hum Reprod]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>367-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Algarroba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rekawek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vahanian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Visualization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 invading the human placenta using electron microscopy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>223</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>275-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muyayalo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 and Treg/Th17 imbalance Potential relationship to pregnancy outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Reprod Immunol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baergen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Placental pathology in Covid-19 positive mothers preliminary findings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Dev Pathol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>177-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allotey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stallings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy living systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>370</volume>
<page-range>m3320</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DSA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differences in pregnancy and perinatal outcomes among symptomatic versus asymptomatic COVID-19-infected pregnant women a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>801</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ET]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rekawek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease 2019 infection and placental histopathology in women delivering at term]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>224</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>382</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suhren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meinardus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schauman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Meta-analysis on COVID-19-pregnancy-related placental pathologies shows no specific pattern]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Placenta]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<page-range>72-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasehagen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Byers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19-Associated Deaths After SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy - Mississippi, March 1, 2020-October 6, 2021]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>47</numero>
<issue>47</issue>
<page-range>1646-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk Factors for Illness Severity Among Pregnant Women With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection-Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network, 22 State, Local, and Territorial Health Departments, 29 March 2020-5 March 2021]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>Suppl 1</numero>
<issue>Suppl 1</issue>
<page-range>S17-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cosma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carosso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cusato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease 2019 and first-trimester spontaneous abortion: a case-control study of 225 pregnant patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AJOG]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>224</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>391.e1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[la Cour Freiesleben]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Egerup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hviid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KVR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 in first trimester pregnancy: a cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hum Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>40-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rotshenker-Olshinka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Volodarsky-Perel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 pandemic effect on early pregnancy: are miscarriage rates altered, in asymptomatic women?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Gynecol Obstet]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>303</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>839-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Metz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clifton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Disease Severity and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnant Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>137</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>571-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neelam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Birth and Infant Outcomes Following Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Pregnancy - SET-NET, 16 Jurisdictions, March 29-October 14, 2020]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>44</numero>
<issue>44</issue>
<page-range>1635-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamilton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osterman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Births: Provisional data for 2020. Vital Statistics Rapid Release; no 12]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hyattsville, MD ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Center for Health Statistics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conde-Agudelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>68-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flammer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Endothelial cell infection and endotheliitis in COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>395</volume>
<numero>10234</numero>
<issue>10234</issue>
<page-range>1417-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ariff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant women with and without COVID-19 infection The INTERCOVID multinational cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>175</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>817-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Picone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bevilacqua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and pregnancy outcomes according to gestational age at time of infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Emerg Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>2535-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>323</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>1843-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edlow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JZ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of maternal and neonatal SARS-CoV-2 viral load, transplacental antibody transfer, and placental pathology in pregnancies during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vivanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vauloup-Fellous]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prevot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Commun]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3572</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allotey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chatterjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 positivity in offspring and timing of mother-to-child transmission living systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>376</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeSisto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simeone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk for stillbirth among women with and without COVID-19 at delivery hospitalization - United States, March 2020-September 2021]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>47</numero>
<issue>47</issue>
<page-range>1640-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magnus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Örtqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dahlqwist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy with pregnancy outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>327</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>1469-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brinkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 vaccinations in pregnancy comparative evaluation of acute side effects and self-reported impact on quality of life between pregnant and non-pregnant women in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>0</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carruthers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant women in Scotland]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Med]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>504-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halasa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Staat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effectiveness of maternal vaccination with mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy against COVID-19-associated hospitalization in infants aged &amp;lt;6 months - 17 States, July 2021-January 2022]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>264-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
