<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542022000400345</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v31.i4.24421</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Vitamin D levels in pregnant women in southern Brazil during Summer and Winter]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Níveis séricos de vitamina D em gestantes do sul do Brasil durante o verão e inverno]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chrisostomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kadija Rahal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nisihara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Renato Mitsunori]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Caroline Vieira de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chrisostomo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo Rahal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fujie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jessica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulak Junior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Paraná  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Faculdade Evangélica Mackenzie do Paraná Department of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Positivo Department of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Curitiba ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>345</fpage>
<lpage>353</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000400345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000400345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542022000400345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  To evaluate serum vitamin D levels and respective seasonality in pregnant women in southern Brazil.  Methods:  This was an analytical prospective cross-sectional study set at prenatal outpatient clinics of two public teaching hospitals. A total of 520 pregnant women were included, 256 in the Summer and 264 in the Winter of 2016. Women were divided into a high-risk group of patients with preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, or human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity, and a low-risk group of disease-free patients. Sociodemographic, epidemiologic, and clinical data were collected, and blood was sampled for assessment of vitamin D levels. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence.  Results:  The mean serum vitamin D levels were 22.5 ± 8.70 ng/mL in the high-risk group and 56.2 ± 21.75 nmol/L in the low-risk group, with significantly higher levels in Summer (26.7 ± 7.80 ng/mL and 66.7 ± 19.50 nmol/L, respectively) compared with Winter (18.3 ± 7.50 ng/mL and 45.7 ± 18.75 nmol/L, respectively; p &lt;0.001). The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 69.9% in Summer and 91.3% in Winter (p &lt;0.001). Both groups had a significantly higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in Winter compared to Summer (high-risk group, 92.4% vs. 71.2%, p &lt;0.001; low-risk group, 87.0% vs. 64.7 p &lt;0.011%).  Conclusion:  A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was found in this cohort of pregnant women, particularly during Winter, raising awareness of the need to recommend adequate nutrition through a healthy and balanced diet and adequate sun exposure in prenatal care.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivo:  Avaliar os níveis séricos de vitamina D e sua sazonalidade em gestantes do sul do Brasil.  Métodos:  Estudo observacional transversal analítico realizado em contexto ambulatório pré-natal de dois hospitais públicos universitários. Foram incluídas 520 gestantes, 256 no verão e 264 no inverno de 2016, que foram divididas em dois grupos: um grupo de alto risco, de mulheres com preeclampsia, diabetes gestational ou soropositividade para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana, e um grupo de baixo risco, de mulheres sem doenças gravídicas ou associadas à gravidez. Foram recolhidos dados sociodemográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos, bem como uma amostra de sangue para dosagem dos níveis séricos de vitamina D. Os níveis de 25-hydroxyvitamina D foram quantificados por quimioluminescência.  Resultados:  A concentração média de vitamina D na população estudada foi de 22.5 ± 8.70 ng/mL no grupo de alto risco e 56.2 ± 21.75 nmol/L no grupo de baixo risco, sendo significativamente mais elevada no verão (26.7 ± 7.80 ng/mL e 66.7 ± 19.50 nmol/L, respetivamente) do que no inverno (18.3 ± 7.50 ng/mL e 45.7 ± 18.75 nmol/L, respetivamente; p &lt;0.001). A prevalência de hipovitaminose D foi de 69.9% no verão e 91.3% no inverno (p &lt;0.001). Ambos os grupos registaram uma prevalência significativamente mais elevada de hipovitaminose D no inverno do que no verão (grupo de alto risco, 92.4% vs. 71.2%, p &lt;0.001; grupo baixo risco, 87.0% vs. 64.7% p &lt;0.011%).  Conclusão:  Foi identificada uma elevada prevalência de hipovitaminose D na população estudada, particularmente durante o inverno, alertando para a necessidade de recomendar uma nutrição adequada, através de uma dieta saudável e equilibrada, e adequada exposição solar nos cuidados pré-natais.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[deficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypovitaminosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[insufficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pregnancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin D deficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[deficiência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[deficiência de vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[gestação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[hipovitaminose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[insuficiência]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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