<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542024000200100</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v33.i2.28292</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sleep habits and screen use in an adolescent population during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Sono e uso de ecrãs numa população de adolescentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cascais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarida Paiva]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria do Céu]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lúcia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte Department of Pediatrics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde Tâmega e Sousa Department of Pediatrics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guilhufe ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde de Entre Douro e Vouga Department of Pediatrics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santa Maria da Feira ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde de Médio Ave Department of Pediatrics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santo Tirso ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>100</fpage>
<lpage>110</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542024000200100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542024000200100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542024000200100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Screen use among adolescents has increased, with excessive screen time associated with poor sleep. Isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these problems. This study aimed to characterize adolescents&#8217; sleep and screen use behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.  Methods:  This was a multicenter, cross-sectional, descriptive study of adolescents aged 10 to 18 years evaluated in an Adolescent Medicine outpatient visit of four hospitals in northern Portugal between January and March 2021. Adolescents completed a survey with questions about screen use and sleep and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (Portuguese version).  Results:  A total of 131 adolescents (66.4% female; median age 15 years) were enrolled during the study period. Participants reported a median sleep duration of nine hours on weekdays and 10 hours on weekends, with 25.9% sleeping less than eight hours on weekdays. Approximately 80% reported good or very good sleep quality. Onset insomnia was identified in 39.7% and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in 13.7%. Most adolescents (74.0%) reported screen time of &#8805;6 hours/day. Screens were mainly used for attending classes and talking to friends. Smartphones were available in the bedroom at night for 83.2%, while 61.1% had televisions, 57.3% had computers, and 16.0% had gaming consoles in their bedrooms. Fifty-five percent used screens within an hour of bedtime every day. Screen time &#8805;6 hours/day and having a computer or smartphone in the bedroom at night were associated with shorter sleep duration on weekdays and EDS. Screen use within an hour of bedtime &#8805;4 times/week was associated with sleep-onset insomnia, shorter weekday sleep duration, and EDS.  Discussion:  Online classes during the COVID-19 lockdown may explain the use of devices &#8805;6 hours/day. Although most adolescents reported normal median sleep time and subjective good or very good sleep quality, screen use &#8805;6 hours/day and within one hour before bedtime was associated with sleep deprivation on weekdays and EDS.  Conclusions:  Excessive screen time during the pandemic appears to have had a negative impact on adolescents&#8217; sleep. These findings underscore the importance of identifying and intervening in these issues when addressing adolescent global health.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  O uso de ecrãs tem vindo a aumentar entre os adolescentes, estando descrita a associação entre tempo excessivo de ecrã e menor quantidade e pior qualidade de sono. A pandemia de COVID-19 poderá ter agravado estes problemas. Este estudo pretendeu caracterizar o comportamento dos adolescentes relativamente ao sono e uso de ecrãs durante o confinamento imposto pela pandemia de COVID-19.  Métodos:  Estudo descritivo, transversal, multicêntrico de adolescentes dos 10 aos 18 anos avaliados numa consulta externa de Medicina do Adolescente de quatro hospitais do norte de Portugal entre janeiro e março de 2021. Os adolescentes preencheram um questionário com perguntas sobre o uso de ecrãs e o sono e a Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (versão portuguesa).  Resultados:  Foram incluídos 131 adolescentes (66,4% do género feminino; idade mediana de 15 anos) durante o período de estudo. Os participantes relataram uma mediana de duração do sono de 9 horas durante a semana e 10 horas ao fim-de-semana, com 25,9% a dormir menos do que oito horas diárias durante a semana. Cerca de 80% referiu ter um sono de boa ou muito boa qualidade. Foi identificada insónia inicial em 39,7% e sonolência diurna excessiva (SDE) em 13,7% dos participantes. A maioria (74,0%) referiu um tempo de ecrã &#8805;6 horas/dia. Os ecrãs foram usados maioritariamente para assistir a aulas e conversar com amigos. Um total de 83,2% dos adolescentes referiu dormir com o telemóvel no quarto e 61,1% referiu ter televisão, 57,3% computador e 16,0% consola de jogos no quarto. Cinquenta e cinco por cento usava ecrãs todos os dias na hora antes de dormir. Um tempo de ecrã &#8805;6 horas/dia e ter computador ou telemóvel no quarto durante a noite associou-se a uma menor duração do sono durante a semana e SDE. O uso de ecrãs na hora antes de dormir associou-se a insónia inicial, menor duração do sono durante a semana e SDE.  Discussão:  As aulas online poderão explicar o uso frequente de ecrãs (&#8805;6 horas/dia). Embora a mediana de duração do sono tenha sido normal e a maioria dos adolescentes tenha referido ter um sono de boa ou muito boa qualidade, o uso de ecrãs &#8805;6 horas/dia e na hora antes de dormir associou-se a privação de sono durante a semana e SDE.  Conclusão:  O uso excessivo de ecrãs durante a pandemia parece ter tido um impacto negativo no sono dos adolescentes. Estes dados reforçam a necessidade de identificar e intervir nestes problemas durante a abordagem de saúde global do adolescente.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adolescent medicine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[screen time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep hygiene]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[higiene do sono]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[medicina do adolescente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sono]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tempo de ecrã]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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