<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-0754</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nascer e Crescer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-0754</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Hospitalar do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-07542025000100010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25753/birthgrowthmj.v34.i1.37627</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cyberbullying in pre-adolescence - reality of a city in northern Portugal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Cyberbullying na pré-adolescência - realidade de um concelho do norte de Portugal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS Alto Ave Unidade de Saúde Familiar Novos Rumos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vizela ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de Braga Department of Pediatrics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>10</fpage>
<lpage>16</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-07542025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-07542025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-07542025000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The rapid evolution of communication technologies has enabled easy and premature access for children and young people to social networks, the internet, and smartphones. The indiscriminate use of these technologies has led to the emergence of cyberbullying. The objective was to analyse the prevalence of cyberbullying and the most frequent forms involved in this age group.  Methods:  A cross-sectional observational study was conducted through anonymous questionnaires distributed in primary schools (2nd and 3rd cycles) in the municipality.  Results:  The study included 482 students, with a median age of 12 years (9-15 years), and a similar gender distribution (55% female, 45% male). Regarding the daily screen time, 20.5% reported spending less than 1 hour, 47.7% between 1 to 3 hours, while 31.1% spent more than 3 hours per day. The prevalence of cyberbullying in the studied sample was 30.9%, with 34.9% of them admitting to being victims in the last 3 months, with only 50% requesting help. The most reported type of cyberbullying was being excluded from a chat or social network. In the subsample of children who experienced cyberbullying, a statistically significant relationship was found between victimization and being female (p-value 0.046) and between victimization and being an aggressor (p-value &lt;0.001).  Conclusion:  According to this study, the exposure to digital technology in this age group is practically universal, with a cyberbullying prevalence of around 31%. This alarming victimization rate occurs during a crucial phase of the child&#8217;s social and emotional development.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  A rápida evolução das tecnologias de comunicação possibilitou um fácil e prematuro acesso de crianças e jovens a redes sociais, internet e smartphones. O uso indiscriminado destas tecnologias levou ao aparecimento do cyberbullying. O objetivo foi analisar a prevalência de cyberbullying e as formas mais frequentes implicadas nesta faixa.  Métodos:  Estudo observacional transversal, obtido através de questionários anónimos distribuídos em escolas do 2º e 3º ciclo do ensino básico do concelho.  Resultados:  De uma amostra de 482 alunos, as idades distribuíram-se entre os 9 e os 15 anos, com a mediana de 12 anos e uma proporção semelhante entre géneros (55% feminino; 45% masculino). Quanto ao tempo diário dispensado no ecrã, 20,5% respondeu passar menos de 1 hora, 47,7% entre 1 a 3 horas, enquanto 31,1% mais de 3 horas por dia. A prevalência de cyberbullying da amostra estudada foi de 30,9%, sendo que 34,9% dos mesmos assumem ter sido vítimas nos últimos 3 meses, sendo que apenas 50% solicitaram ajuda. A tipologia mais assinalada foi ter sido excluído de algum chat ou rede social. Na subamostra de crianças que sofreram de cyberbullying, obteve-se uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre a vitimização e ser do sexo feminino (p-value 0,046) e entre a vitimização e ser agressor (p-value &lt; 0,001).  Conclusão:  Segundo este estudo, a exposição à tecnologia digital nesta faixa etária é praticamente universal, sendo que a prevalência de cyberbulling foi de cerca 31%, um valor alarmante de vitimização numa fase crucial de desenvolvimento social e emocional da criança.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[childhood]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cyberbullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pre-adolescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cyberbullying]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[infância]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pré-adolescência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[redes sociais]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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