<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-1904</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Port. Electrochim. Acta]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-1904</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Electroquímica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-19042025000300153</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4152/pea.2025430301</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Waste MaterialConversion into Biofuel and Environmental Impact: A Comprehensive Review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
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<surname><![CDATA[Asif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laghari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mukwana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siddique]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karamat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
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</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Faculty of Agriculture Engineering Tandojam Department of Energy And Environment ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sindh ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Department of Environmental Engineering Quest  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Sindh ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Bristol School of Geographical Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bristol ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Department of Chemical Engineering  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quetta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Department of Geological Engineering  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quetta ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Bahauddin Zakariya University Institute of Chemical Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Multan ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>153</fpage>
<lpage>164</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-19042025000300153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-19042025000300153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-19042025000300153&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Lignin generated from biomass is the most promising fuel for industrial civilizations. It is the most common aromatic polymer on the planet and one of the most challenging substances to commercialise. Among the various compounds released by LcB during pretreatment are reducing sugars, which may be utilised to generate biofuels and other merchandises. LcB are readily available, renewable, recyclable and abundant. As a result of climate change and environmental damage, sustainability has gained popularity. Many researchers are focusing on renewable biofuel derived from sustainable sources, due to the need for a flexible approach to address expanding global energy demands. Industrial biorefineries that use LcB as feedstock for biofuel and other bioproducts have been created. Biochemical conversion of LcB into fuels and chemicals is dependent on cellulose and hemicellulose extraction. To generate sustainable energy, LcB must be pretreated to increase fragmentation and decrease lignin concentration. T, duration, particle size and solid loading are all controlling factors in lignin extraction. Effective lignin recovery and valorisation solutions have been identified by sustainable lignocellulose biorefineries.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biofuels]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[delignification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[LcB]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pretreatment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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