<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-3419</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Sociologia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Sociologia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-3419</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-34192020000300069</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21747/08723419/soctem2020a4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Direitos cívicos e políticos na infância e adolescência: da retórica da participação ao protagonismo infantil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Civil and political rights in childhood and adolescence:]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Droits civiques et politiques dans l'enfance et l'adolescence:]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Derechos civiles y políticos en la infancia y la adolescencia:]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Porto Instituto de Sociologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>tematico10</numero>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>89</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-34192020000300069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-34192020000300069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-34192020000300069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Neste artigo refletimos sobre os 30 anos dos direitos civis e políticos, legitimados pela Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança. Depois de um breve historial e enquadramento desses direitos, analisamos conceitos, práticas e arenas de participação, abrindo caminho para a defesa de uma abordagem pelo &#8220;protagonismo infantil&#8221;. Nesse sentido, a análise salienta os constrangimentos e possibilidades das iniciativas de promoção da participação. Terminamos com uma reflexão sobre os novos desafios que se colocam à cidadania infantil e juvenil, lançando algumas pistas para debate.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In this article we reflect on the 30 years of civil and political rights, legitimized by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. After a brief history and framing of these rights, we analyze concepts, practices and arenas of participation, paving the way for the defense of an approach for &#8220;child protagonism&#8221;. In this sense, the analysis highlights the constraints and possibilities of initiatives to promote participation. We ended with a reflection on the new challenges facing child and youth citizenship, launching some clues for debate.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[RÉSUMÉ Dans cet article, nous réfléchissons aux 30 ans de droits civils et politiques, légitimés par la Convention relative aux droits de l'enfant. Après un bref historique et un cadrage de ces droits, nous analysons les concepts, les pratiques et les arènes de participation, ouvrant la voie à la défense d'une approche par le «protagonisme de l'enfant». En ce sens, l'analyse met en évidence les contraintes et les possibilités des initiatives de promotion de la participation. Nous terminons par une réflexion sur les nouveaux défis auxquels est confrontée la citoyenneté des enfants et des jeunes, en lançant quelques pistes de débat.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En este artículo reflexionamos sobre los 30 años de derechos civiles y políticos, legitimados por la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño. Después de una breve historia y el encuadre de estos derechos, se analizan conceptos, prácticas y espacios de participación, allanando el camino para la defensa de un enfoque de &#8220;protagonismo infantil&#8221;. En este sentido, el análisis destaca las limitaciones y posibilidades de las iniciativas para promover la participación. Terminamos con una reflexión sobre los nuevos desafíos que enfrenta la ciudadanía infantil y juvenil, lanzando algunas pistas para el debate.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Direitos da criança]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[participação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[protagonismo infantil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children's rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[participation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[child protagonism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Résumé: droits des enfants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[participation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[enfant protagonisme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Derechos de los niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[participación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[protagonismo infantil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[AFONSO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Almerindo Janela]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RAMOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emílio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estado-nação, educação e cidadanias em transição]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Educação]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>77-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALBUQUERQUE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Os direitos da criança: nas Nações Unidas, a Convenção e o Comité]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Documentação e Direito Comparado]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<numero>83/84</numero>
<issue>83/84</issue>
<page-range>21-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALFAGEME]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erika]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[De la participación al protagonismo infantil: propuestas para la acción]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plataforma de Organizaciones de Infancia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ARAÚJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria José]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MONTEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crianças de todo o mundo, uni-vos! Notas sobre a submissão das crianças à "ideologia do trabalho útil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ambiente e Educação]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>170-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARBOSA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RODRIGUES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MENDES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tatiana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cidadania em tempos de crise: experiências de aprendizagem na ação coletiva e em contexto associativo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cive Morum - Journal of Studies on Citizenship and Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BARBOSA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estaremos a brincar ao faz-de-conta? Direitos de reunião e associação]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[.). Direitos das Crianças Interpretados pelos Adultos. A propósito dos 30 anos da Convenção dos Direitos das Crianças]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Furar o Cerco]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASAS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ferán]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Infancia: perspectivas psicosociales]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>CE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Carta do Conselho da Europa sobre Educação para a Cidadania Democrática e para os Direitos Humanos]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Ilídio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Associativismo cidadão e espaço público democrático]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Vez e Voz]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>49-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Ilídio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[As crianças, a pandemia e a fragilização dos direitos: alguns equívocos do discurso do retorno à &#8220;normalidade]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zero-a-Seis - Revista do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisa da Educação na Pequena Infância]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasil ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro Mourão]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A participação social e política]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Os Jovens Portugueses no Contexto da Ibero-América]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprensa de Ciências Sociais]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vítor]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geração Milénio? Um Retrato Social e Político]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprensa de Ciências Sociais]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAITÁN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Angel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Protagonismo Infantil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seminario La Participacion de Niños y Adolescentes en el Contexto de la Convencíon sobre los Derechos del Niño: Visiones y Perspectivas]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<page-range>85-104</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HAMMARBERG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and How to make it work]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>97-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HART]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roger]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Children&#8217;s participation: from tokenism to citizenship]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Italy ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNICEF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[JENKS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Chris]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Childhood]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LANSDOWN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerison]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Every Child's Right to be heard: a resource guide on the UN Comitee on the Rights of the Child General Comment]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Save the Children]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LIEBEL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manfred]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GAITÁN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El poder de los niños y niñas. Notas sobre el protagonismo de movimientos infantiles en la actualidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociedad e Infancias]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>15-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LIMA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayumi]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A cidade e a criança]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nobel]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LOBO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ROWLAND]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Emprego, mobilidade, política e lazer: situações e atitudes dos jovens portugueses numa perspectiva comparada]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ICS - Universidade de Lisboa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MADEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Participação das Crianças na esfera pública: a desigualdade social como desafio]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edição EAPN Portugal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MALONE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The bubble&#8208;wrap generation: children growing up in walled gardens]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Education Research]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>513-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARTINEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARTINEZ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Participación infantil en el tiempo libre. Reflexiones y experiencias, una mirada desde la infancia y los adultos]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Plataforma de Organizaciones de Infancia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SILVA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto Nídio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[O tempo das crianças e as crianças deste tempo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os tempos sociais e o mundo contemporâneo]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>203-24</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade do Minho: CECS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLWIG]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fog]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GULLOV]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eva]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Children's Places: Cross-Cultural Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PAVEZ-SOTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iskra]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[KATTAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natalia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Concepto de agencia en los estudios de infancia. Una revision teorica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociedad e Infancias]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>193-210</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[QVORTRUP]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jens]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macroanalysis of childhood]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Research with children: perspectives and practices]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<page-range>66-85</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[RIBEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norberto.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[NEVES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tiago]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MENEZES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educação para a cidadania em Portugal: contributos para analisar a sua evolução no currículo escolar português]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Currículo sem Fronteiras]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Boaventura Sousa]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Para uma pedagogia do conflito]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Contra o desperdício da experiência: a pedagogia do conflito revisitada]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>15-40</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Redes Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SARMENTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natália]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trevisan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A redefinição das condições estruturais da infância e a crise económica em Portugal]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pobreza e exclusão social em Portugal: contextos, transformações e estudos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>81-99</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ribeirão ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Húmus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SARMENTO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Infância e cidade: restrições e possibilidades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educação]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>232-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TONUCCI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francesco]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ciudades a escala humana: la ciudad de los niños]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Educación]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>200</numero>
<issue>200</issue>
<page-range>147-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natália]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os Direitos das crianças nas encruzilhadas da protecção e da participação]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOEIRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[O direito à greve]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Direitos das Crianças Interpretados pelos Adultos. A propósito dos 30 anos da Convenção dos Direitos das Crianças]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Furar o Cerco]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[STOKES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mary Anne]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stranger Danger: Child Protection and Parental Fears in the Risk Society]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Amsterdam Social Science]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>6-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TOMÁS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Paradigmas, imagens e concepções da infância em sociedades mediatizadas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Média &amp; Jornalismo]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>119-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TOMÁS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SOARES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natália]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Infância, protagonismo e cidadania: contributos para uma análise sociológica da cidadania da infância]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fórum Sociológico]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>11/12</numero>
<issue>11/12</issue>
<page-range>349-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TREVISAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natália]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cidadania ativa na infância]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Experiencias Mundiales de Ciudadania de La Infancia Y Adolescencia]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>121-38</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paraíba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. UFPB]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNESCO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global Citizenship Education: Topics and learning Objectives]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNESCO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZEIHER]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helga]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shapping daily life in urban environments]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chistensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Brien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Children in the city: home, neighbourhood and community]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
