<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-671X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Interna]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-671X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-671X2021000400051</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24950/rspmi.r.199.4.2021</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Abordagem do Doente Com Hiponatremia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Approach to the Hyponatraemic Patient]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de Braga Serviço de Endocrinologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>51</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-671X2021000400051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-671X2021000400051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-671X2021000400051&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A hiponatremia é o distúrbio de eletrólitos mais comum na prática clínica. Habitualmente, traduz um ou mais processos patológicos intercorrentes, e encontra-se associada a elevada mortalidade e morbilidade caso não se proceda ao diagnóstico e tratamento apropriados. O primeiro passo na abordagem do doente com hiponatremia é a classificação da gravidade dos sintomas que determina a urgência da intervenção terapêutica. Por um lado, na hiponatremia gravemente sintomática deve ser administrada, imediatamente, solução salina hipertónica. Por outro, nos doentes com hiponatremia assintomática ou moderadamente sintomática devem ser investigadas e removidas/tratadas as possíveis causas associadas, antes de qualquer outra intervenção terapêutica. O objetivo desta revisão é discutir e melhorar a abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica da hiponatremia, segundo as orientações mais atuais.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in the clinical practice environment. Usually, it is associated with one or more underlying pathological processes and with increa-sed mortality and morbidity if the appropriate diagnosis and treatment is are applied. The first step in the management of the patient with hyponatremia is the classification of the symptom&#8217;s severity which determines the urgency of the treatment. On one side, in very symptomatic hyponatremia, hypertonic saline must be immediately administered. On the other side, in asymptomatic patients or those with moderate symptoms, the underlying causes should first be investigated and removed/treated before any therapeutic intervention. The goal of this review is to discuss and improve the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of hyponatremia, following the most recent recommendations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hiponatremia/diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hiponatremia/epidemiologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hiponatremia/tratamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyponatremia/diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyponatremia/epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyponatremia/therapy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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