<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0872-671X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Interna]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina Interna]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0872-671X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0872-671X2025000200069</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24950/rspmi.2658</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Redefining Care: Ethics and Portugal's Journey to Restraint-Free Healthcare]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Redefinindo os Cuidados: a Ética e a Jornada de Portugal para Cuidados de Saúde Livres de Restrições]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paula]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raquel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Garrido]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bárbara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho Hospital Conde de Bertiandos Serviço de Medicina 2]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ponte de Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>75</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0872-671X2025000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0872-671X2025000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0872-671X2025000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The ethical use of physical restraints in medical wards is a critical issue that requires careful consideration of patient autonomy, dignity, and safety. This article explores the complex ethical landscape surrounding the application of physical restraints, focusing on core principles such as respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Restraints should be justified through thorough assessment and documentation, emphasizing minimizing harm and involving patients or their representatives in decision-making. Ethical guidelines recommend regularly monitoring and reviewing restraint practices, prioritizing patient comfort and dignity, and exploring alternative strategies for managing challenging behaviors. Additionally, this article examines Portugal&#8217;s regulatory framework and legal standards, which emphasize restraint as a last-resort measure, highlighting the importance of necessity, proportionality, informed consent, and ongoing monitoring. By fostering a culture of empathy, transparency, and continuous improvement, Portuguese healthcare practices illustrate a model for ethically responsible restraint use that aligns with national and international standards.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O uso ético de contenções físicas nas enfermarias médicas é uma questão fulcral que exige uma análise cuidadosa da autonomia, dignidade e segurança do doente. Este artigo explora o complexo panorama ético em torno da aplicação de contenções físicas, focando em princípios fundamentais como o respeito pela autonomia, a beneficência, a não maleficência e a justiça. As contenções devem ser justificadas por meio de uma avaliação e documentação rigorosas, enfatizando a minimização do dano e envolvendo os pacientes ou os seus representantes no processo de tomada de decisão. As orientações éticas recomendam a monitorização e a revisão regular das práticas de contenção, priorizando o conforto e a dignidade do doente, bem como a exploração de estratégias alternativas para gerir os comportamentos desafiadores. Além disso, este artigo analisa a situação regulamentar e os padrões legais de Portugal que destacam a contenção como uma medida de último recurso, enfatizando a importância da necessidade, proporcionalidade, consentimento informado e monitorização contínua. Ao promover uma cultura de empatia, transparência e melhoria contínua, as práticas de saúde em Portugal exemplificam um modelo de uso ético e responsável das contenções, alinhado com os padrões internacionais.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ethics, Medical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Informed Consent]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Patient Safety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Patient Rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Personal Autonomy.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Autonomia Pessoal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Consentimento Informado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Direito dos Doentes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ética Médica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Segurança do Doente.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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