A Marinho 1
G Fernandes 1
T Carvalho 2
D Pinheiro 2
I Gomes 1
Resumo
]]> As micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT) têm um papel patogénico de importância crescente em doentes com serologia positiva para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH), em doentes com doença pulmonar crónica, em outras doenças crónicas, e ainda nos idosos.Objectivo: Avaliar a importância do isolamento de MNT em amostras respiratórias em doentes adultos sem infecção VIH.
Material e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo dos doentes do Hospital de São João sem infecção VIH conhecida, com pelo menos uma amostra respiratória positiva para MNT, entre 1997 e 2004.
Resultados: Foram encontrados 102 doentes com idade mediana de 63 anos; 67% do sexo masculino. Sessenta e três doentes (62%) apresentavam patologia respiratória prévia, maioritariamente sequelas de tuberculose pulmonar (n=19). O agente mais isolado (47%) foi o Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Foram identificados 16 casos de doença (15,7%), 14 dos quais cumpriam os critérios definidos pela American Thoracic Society. Dez homens e 6 mulheres, idade mediana de 65 anos. Doze doentes tinham doença pulmonar prévia. Todos tinham clínica de infecção respiratória. As alterações mais observadas no Rx de tórax foram o infiltrado pulmonar, a opacidade linear e a cavitação. O MAC foi o causador de doença em 75% (n=12) dos casos.
Conclusão: O isolamento de micobactérias atípicas em amostras respiratórias, nomeadamente em doentes com patologia pulmonar prévia, não significou doença na grande maioria dos casos, mesmo em doentes com doença pulmonar prévia. O agente mais frequentemente isolado foi o MAC, tendo a sua importância relativa sido ainda maior nos casos de doença pulmonar por MNT.
Palavras -chave: Micobactérias atípicas, isolamento, doença pulmonar.
Nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-AIDS patients
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) play an increasingly significant pathogenic role in HIV –positive patients, in patients with chronic lung disease, in other chronic conditions and in the elderly.
]]> Aims: Evaluate the importance of NTM isolation in respiratory samples in patients without HIV-infection.Methods: Retrospective evaluation of our hospital patients with no known AIDS, with at least one NTM positive respiratory sample, from 1997 -2004.
Results: We found 102 patients, with a median age of 63 years; 67% male. Sixty -three (62%) had underlying lung disease, mainly tuberculosis sequelae (n=19). The majority (47%) of the isolations were Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). A diagnosis of Mycobacterium pulmonary disease was made in 16 patients (15.7%), 14 of which met the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria. Ten male and 6 female; median age 65 years. Twelve had underlying lung disease. All of them had respiratory infection complaints. Chest X -rays showed mainly pulmonary infiltrates, linear opacities and cavitation. MAC was the cause of mycobacterium respiratory disease in 12 patients (75%).
Conclusion: NTM isolation did not equal pulmonary NTM disease in the majority of cases, even in patients with underlying lung disease. MAC was the most commonly isolated agent and its relative importance was higher in the presence of NTM disease.
Key-words: Nontuberculous mycobacteria, isolation, pulmonary disease.
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1 Serviço de Pneumologia do HSJ (Director: Prof. Dr. J. Agostinho Marques), Porto, Portugal / Pulmonology Unit, Hospital São João, Oporto, Portugal
2 Serviço de Microbiologia do HSJ (Directora: Prof.ª Dr.ª MJ Vaz), Porto, Portugal / Microbiology Unit, Hospital São João, Oporto, Portugal
Hospital de São João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-Porto
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Recebido para publicação/received for publication: 07.08.11
Aceite para publicação/accepted for publication: 08.01.07
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