<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0873-3015</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Millenium - Journal of Education, Technologies, and Health]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Mill]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0873-3015</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico de Viseu (IPV)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0873-30152020000100083</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29352/mill0211.09.00261</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mortality of calves born from alentejana and mertolenga cows in Portalegre district]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Mortalidade de vitelos filhos de vacas alentejanas e mertolengas no distrito de Portalegre]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad de becerros nascidos de vacas alentejanas y mertolengas en el distrito de Portalegre]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rute]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luísa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria da Graça]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caetano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria do Carmo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre Agrarian School of Elvas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Elvas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,VALORIZA - Research Centre for Enfogenous Resources Valorization  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Portalegre ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,General Directorate for Food and Veterinary Regional Directorate for the Alentejo Region ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Évora ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,General Directorate for Food and Veterinary  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>11</numero>
<fpage>83</fpage>
<lpage>90</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0873-30152020000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0873-30152020000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0873-30152020000100083&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Apart from its economic impact, calf mortality is an important welfare indicator in beef calf farms.  Objectives: Evaluate mortality rates in calves born from two indigenous cattle breeds dams in the Portalegre district.  Methods:  Records of births and deaths between birth and 180 days of calves born from Alentejana and Mertolenga dams in Portalegre district, from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018, were obtained from the national database. Mortality rates were calculated and the association between mortality period and age of the dam was evaluated.  Results:  Calves born from Alentejana and Mertolenga cows represented 11.6% and 2.9% of cattle births in the Portalegre district during this period, with a decrease in the number of births during the three considered years, more noticeable in the Alentejana breed. The average mortality rate was 3.2% for calves born from Alentejana dams and 2.3% for calves born from Mertolenga dams. The average age of dams was 8.68 and 7.37 years, for Alentejana and Mertolenga dams respectively. Perinatal death (from birth to 48 h) occurred in calves born from older cows (p=0.024).  Conclusions:  Mortality rates of calves born from the two studied indigenous breeds are low to moderate when compared to rates reported in other breeds.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  Para além do seu impacto económico, a mortalidade dos vitelos é um indicador importante do bem-estar animal nas explorações de bovinos de carne.  Objetivos: Avaliar as taxas de mortalidade de vitelos descendentes de vacas de 2 raças autóctones nas explorações do distrito de Portalegre.  Métodos:  Os registos de nascimentos e de mortes entre o nascimento e os 180 dias, de vitelos nascidos de vacas das raças Alentejana e Mertolenga nas explorações do distrito de Portalegre entre 1 de janeiro de 2016 e 31 de dezembro de 2018, foram obtidos da base de dados do Sistema Nacional de Informação e Registo Animal (SNIRA). Calcularam-se as taxas de mortalidade e avaliou-se a associação entre o período da mortalidade e a idade das mães.  Resultados:  Os vitelos nascidos de vacas de raça Alentejana e Mertolenga representaram 11,6% e 2,9% dos nascimentos no distrito de Portalegre no período considerado, havendo um decréscimo do número de nascimentos ao longo dos 3 anos, mais evidente na raça Alentejana. A taxa de mortalidade média dos vitelos foi de 3,2% para os filhos de vacas de raça Alentejana e de 2,3% para os filhos de vacas de raça Mertolenga. A idade média das vacas foi de 8,68 e 7,37 anos (Alentejanas e Mertolengas, respetivamente). Verificou-se que a mortalidade perinatal ocorreu em vacas mais velhas (p=0,024).  Conclusões:  As taxas de mortalidade dos vitelos nascidos das duas raças em estudo são baixas a moderadas, quando comparadas com as publicadas sobre outras raças.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resúmen  Introducción:  Además de su impacto económico, la mortalidad de los becerros es un indicador del bien-estar animal en las explotaciones de vacunos de carne.  Objetivos:  Evaluar las tasas de mortalidad de becerros nacidos de vacas de 2 razas autóctonas en las explotaciones del distrito de Portalegre.  Métodos:  Los registros de nacimientos y de muertes, entre el nacimiento y los 180 días, de becerros nacidos de vacas de raza Alentejana y Mertolenga en explotaciones del distrito de Portalegre, entre el 1 de enero de 2016 y el 31 de diciembre del 2018, se obtuvieron de la base de datos nacional. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad y se evaluó la asociación entre el período de mortalidad y la edad de las madres.  Resultados:  Los becerros nacidos de vacas de raza Alentejana y Mertolenga representaron el 11,6% y el 2,9% de los nacimientos en el distrito de Portalegre, con una disminución del número de nacimientos a lo largo de los 3 años, más notoria en la raza Alentejana. La tasa de mortalidad media de los becerros fue del 3,2% para los nacidos de vacas Alentejanas y del 2,3% para los nacidos de vacas Mertolengas. La edad media de las vacas fue de 8,68 y de 7,37 para Alentejanas y Mertolengas, respectivamente. Se observó que la mortalidad perinatal se encontró asociada a vacas significativamente más viejas (p=0,024).  Conclusiones:  Las tasas de mortalidad de becerros nacidos de las dos razas son bajas a moderadas, cuando comparadas con las publicadas sobre otras razas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Calves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mortality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portalegre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alentejana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mertolenga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vitelos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Mortalidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Portalegre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Alentejana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Mertolenga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Becerros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mortalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Portalegre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alentejana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mertolenga]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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