Padrões de elaboração de políticas e de acção dos lóbis numa perspectiva comparada
Tom R. Burns1 e Marcus Carson2
Resumo Este artigo aplica o novo institucionalismo à análise comparativa da governança e da elaboração de políticas em diferentes sistemas políticos. São aqui identificadas e contrastadas as articulações de interesses e as configurações da decisão política pluralistas, neocorporativas e da União Europeia. O texto considera o grau de abertura, flexibilidade e previsibilidade, bem como os padrões de produção e desenvolvimento de políticas nos diferentes sistemas. Conclui-se que muitas das vantagens do sistema da UE, com a sua flexibilidade e adaptabilidade às questões e condições sectoriais específicas, são também fonte dos seus problemas de não transparência e de défice democrático.
Palavras-chave Novo institucionalismo, governança, lobbying, União Europeia.
Abstract This paper applies the new institutionalism to the comparative analysis of governance and policy-making in different political systems. Pluralist, neo-corporatist and European Union interest articulation and policymaking arrangements are distinguished and contrasted. The article considers the degree of openness, flexibility, extent of predictability, and patterns of policy production and development in the different systems. It concludes that many of the advantages of the EU system with its flexibility and adaptability to sectoral specific issues and conditions are also a source of its problems of non-transparency and democratic deficit.
Keywords New institutionalism, governance, lobbying, European Union.
]]> Résumé Cet article applique le nouvel institutionnalisme à l’analyse comparative de la gouvernance et de l’élaboration de politiques dans différents systèmes politiques. Il identifie et compare les articulations d’intérêts et les configurations de la décision politique pluralistes, néo-corporatives et de l’Union européenne. Le texte analyse le degré d’ouverture, de flexibilité et de prévisibilité, ainsi que les modèles de production et de développement de politiques dans les différents systèmes. Les auteurs concluent que nombre des avantages du système de l’UE, avec sa flexibilité et son adaptabilité aux questions et aux conditions sectorielles spécifiques, sont également la source de ses problèmes de non-transparence et de déficit démocratique.
Mots-clés Nouvel institutionnalisme, governance, lobbying, Union européenne.
Resúmene Este artículo aplica el nuevo institucionalismo al análisis comparativo de la governança y de la elaboración de políticas en diferentes sistemas políticos. Se identifican y contrastan las articulaciones de intereses y las configuraciones de la decisión política pluralista, neo-corporativas y de la Unión Europea. El texto considera el grado de apertura, flexibilidad y previsibilidad, así como los patrones de producción y desarrollo de políticas en los diferentes sistemas. Se concluye que muchas de las ventajas del sistema de la UE, con su flexibilidad y adaptabilidad a las cuestiones y condiciones sectoriales específicas, también son fuentes de sus problemas de poca transparencia y de déficit democrático.
Palabras-clave Nuevo institucionalismo, governança, lobbying, Unión Europea.
Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.
Full text only available in PDF format.
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Documentos electrónicos
Delanty, G. (1998), “Social theory and European transformation: is there a European society”, Sociological Research Online, 3 (1), http://www.socresonline.org.uk/socresonlline/3/1/1. html [ Links ]
Hooghe, E., e G. Marks (1997), “The making of a polity: the struggle over European integration”, European Integration Online Papers, 1 (4), http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/997-004a. htm [ Links ]
1Tom Burns. Professor do Uppsala Theory Circle, Universidade de Uppsala, Suécia. Professor visitante do ISCTE, no Departamento de Sociologia, com apoio da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian (2002-2003). Página na internet: http://www.soc.uu.se/staff/tom_b.html
]]> 2Marcus Carson. Professor do Departamento de Sociologia da Universidade de Estocolmo e do Departamento de Sociologia do Colégio Universitário de Estocolmo Sul (South Stockholm University College), Huddinge, Suécia. E-mail: Marcus.Carson@mail.com]]>