<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0873-6529</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Sociologia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0873-6529</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Mundos Sociais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0873-65292004000200006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O poder das redes ou as redes do poder: Análise estratégica numa organização com intranet]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Power networks: strategic analysis of an organization with intranet]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Le pouvoir des réseaux ou les réseaux du pouvoir: analyse stratégique au sein d'une organisation dotée d'un intranet]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El poder de las redes o las redes del poder: análisis estratégica en una organización con intranet]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa Escola Superior de Comunicação Social ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>45</numero>
<fpage>99</fpage>
<lpage>115</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0873-65292004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0873-65292004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0873-65292004000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este artigo constitui o resumo de um estudo de caso, levado a cabo numa organização multinacional do ramo químico industrial. Nele procuramos identificar princípios de funcionamento que ajudem a uma posterior compreensão do fenómeno social das relações de poder existentes entre diferentes actores em jogo, confrontados com um novo cenário tecnológico criado pela introdução de uma intranet corporativa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa desenvolvida num campo com grande actualidade, procurando-se contribuir para a compreensão de quais os actores mais beneficiados / prejudicados com a introdução de novas tecnologias da informação; quais as estratégias pessoais envolvidas nos processos de adaptação à nova realidade; e quais os constrangimentos mais comuns. Como iremos ver, os resultados deste estudo revelam que os quadros intermédios são aqueles que mais apoiam o desenvolvimento da intranet, ao contrário do que prevê a teoria social estabelecida sobre a matéria.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper work resumes a case study made upon a multinational corporation operating in the industrial chemical field. With this investigation we wanted to identify performing principles that would later help us to understand the social phenomenon of power relationships between different actors playing in the same game. These social actors where facing a new technological scenario with the introduction of a corporate intranet. Our research explores a current investigation filed trying to make clear which social actors have more benefits / losses with the development of new information and communication technologies; what personal strategies are involved in the adaptation processes to the new reality; and what are the most commune constraints we can find. And the results of this research will reveal that the middle hierarchies are those who support mostly the development of new technological tools like the intranet, regardless what is most said by social theory over these matters.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Cet article est le résumé d’une étude de cas menée au sein d’une organisation multinationale de l’industrie chimique, afin d’identifier les principes de fonctionnement pouvant aider à une compréhension ultérieure du phénomène social des relations de pouvoir existant entre les différents acteurs en présence, confrontés à un nouveau scénario technologique créé par l’introduction d’un intranet corporatif. Il s’agit d’une recherche menée dans un domaine particulièrement actuel, afin d’aider à comprendre quels sont les acteurs les plus avantagés / défavorisés par l’introduction des nouvelles technologies de l’information; quelles sont les stratégies personnelles adoptées dans les processus d’adaptation à la nouvelle réalité; et quelles sont les contraintes les plus communes. Les résultats de cette étude montrent que les cadres intermédiaires sont les plus favorables au développement de l’intranet, contrairement à ce que prévoit la théorie sociale établie en la matière.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Este artículo constituye el resumen de un estudio de caso, realizado en una organización multinacional en el ramo químico industrial. En él, procuramos identificar principios de funcionamiento que ayuden a una posterior comprensión del fenómeno social de las relaciones de poder existentes entre diferentes actores en juego, confrontados con un nuevo escenario tecnológico creado por la introducción de una intranet corporativa. Se trata de una investigación desarrollada en un campo con gran actualidad, buscándose contribuir para la comprensión de cuáles son los actores más beneficiados / perjudicados con la introducción de nuevas tecnologías de la información; cuales las estrategias personales involucradas en los procesos de adaptación a la nueva realidad; y cuáles los restricciones más comunes. Como veremos, los resultados de este estudio revelan que los cuadros intermedios son los que más apoyan el desarrollo de la intranet, al contrario de lo que prevé la teoría social establecida sobre la materia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Poder organizacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sociedade da informação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[intranet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Organizational power]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[information society]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[intranet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Pouvoir organisationnel]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[société de l’information]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[intranet]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Poder organizacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociedad de la información]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[intranet]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p> <B>O PODER DAS REDES OU AS REDES DO PODER</B> </P>     <p> <B>An&#225;lise estrat&#233;gica numa organiza&#231;&#227;o com intranet</B> </P>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p> <I>Sandra Pereira<a href="#1">*</a></I> <a name="top1"></a></P>     <p>&nbsp;</P>     <p><i>O poder das redes ou as redes do poder: an&aacute;lise estrat&eacute;gica numa    organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o com intranet</i></P>     <p><B>Resumo</B> </P>     <p> Este artigo constitui o resumo de um estudo de caso, levado a cabo numa organiza&#231;&#227;o    multinacional do ramo qu&#237;mico industrial. Nele procuramos identificar princ&#237;pios    de funcionamento que ajudem a uma posterior compreens&#227;o do fen&#243;meno    social das rela&#231;&#245;es de poder existentes entre diferentes actores em    jogo, confrontados com um novo cen&#225;rio tecnol&#243;gico criado pela introdu&#231;&#227;o    de uma intranet corporativa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa desenvolvida num campo    com grande actualidade, procurando-se contribuir para a compreens&#227;o de    quais os actores mais beneficiados / prejudicados com a introdu&#231;&#227;o    de novas tecnologias da informa&#231;&#227;o; quais as estrat&#233;gias pessoais    envolvidas nos processos de adapta&#231;&#227;o &#224; nova realidade; e quais    os constrangimentos mais comuns. Como iremos ver, os resultados deste estudo    revelam que os quadros interm&#233;dios s&#227;o aqueles que mais apoiam o desenvolvimento    da intranet, ao contr&#225;rio do que prev&#234; a teoria social estabelecida    sobre a mat&#233;ria. </P>     <p> <U>Palavras-chave</U> Poder organizacional, sociedade da informa&#231;&#227;o,    intranet. </P>     <p>&nbsp;</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><i>Power networks: strategic analysis of an organization with intranet</i></P>     <p><b>Abstract</b> </P>     <p> This paper work resumes a case study made upon a multinational corporation    operating in the industrial chemical field. With this investigation we wanted    to identify performing principles that would later help us to understand the    social phenomenon of power relationships between different actors playing in    the same game. These social actors where facing a new technological scenario    with the introduction of a corporate intranet. Our research explores a current    investigation filed trying to make clear which social actors have more benefits    / losses with the development of new information and communication technologies;    what personal strategies are involved in the adaptation processes to the new    reality; and what are the most commune constraints we can find. And the results    of this research will reveal that the middle hierarchies are those who support    mostly the development of new technological tools like the intranet, regardless    what is most said by social theory over these matters. </P>     <p> <U>Key-words</U> Organizational power, information society, intranet. </P>     <p>&nbsp;</P>     <p><i>Le pouvoir des r&eacute;seaux ou les r&eacute;seaux du pouvoir: analyse strat&eacute;gique    au sein d'une organisation dot&eacute;e d'un intranet</i></P>     <p><b>R&#233;sum&#233;</b> </P>     <p> Cet article est le r&#233;sum&#233; d&#146;une &#233;tude de cas men&#233;e    au sein d&#146;une organisation multinationale de l&#146;industrie chimique,    afin d&#146;identifier les principes de fonctionnement pouvant aider &#224;    une compr&#233;hension ult&#233;rieure du ph&#233;nom&#232;ne social des relations    de pouvoir existant entre les diff&#233;rents acteurs en pr&#233;sence, confront&#233;s    &#224; un nouveau sc&#233;nario technologique cr&#233;&#233; par l&#146;introduction    d&#146;un intranet corporatif. Il s&#146;agit d&#146;une recherche men&#233;e    dans un domaine particuli&#232;rement actuel, afin d&#146;aider &#224; comprendre    quels sont les acteurs les plus avantag&#233;s / d&#233;favoris&#233;s par l&#146;introduction    des nouvelles technologies de l&#146;information; quelles sont les strat&#233;gies    personnelles adopt&#233;es dans les processus d&#146;adaptation &#224; la nouvelle    r&#233;alit&#233;; et quelles sont les contraintes les plus communes. Les r&#233;sultats    de cette &#233;tude montrent que les cadres interm&#233;diaires sont les plus    favorables au d&#233;veloppement de l&#146;intranet, contrairement &#224; ce    que pr&#233;voit la th&#233;orie sociale &#233;tablie en la mati&#232;re. </P>     <p> <U>Mots-cl&#233;s</U> Pouvoir organisationnel, soci&#233;t&#233; de l&#146;information,    intranet. </P>     <p>&nbsp;</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><i>El poder de las redes o las redes del poder: an&aacute;lisis estrat&eacute;gica    en una organizaci&oacute;n con intranet</i></P>     <p><b>Resumen</b> </P>     <p> Este art&#237;culo constituye el resumen de un estudio de caso, realizado    en una organizaci&#243;n multinacional en el ramo qu&#237;mico industrial. En    &#233;l, procuramos identificar principios de funcionamiento que ayuden a una    posterior comprensi&#243;n del fen&#243;meno social de las relaciones de poder    existentes entre diferentes actores en juego, confrontados con un nuevo escenario    tecnol&#243;gico creado por la introducci&#243;n de una intranet corporativa.    Se trata de una investigaci&#243;n desarrollada en un campo con gran actualidad,    busc&#225;ndose contribuir para la comprensi&#243;n de cu&#225;les son los actores    m&#225;s beneficiados / perjudicados con la introducci&#243;n de nuevas tecnolog&#237;as    de la informaci&#243;n; cuales las estrategias personales involucradas en los    procesos de adaptaci&#243;n a la nueva realidad; y cu&#225;les los restricciones    m&#225;s comunes. Como veremos, los resultados de este estudio revelan que los    cuadros intermedios son los que m&#225;s apoyan el desarrollo de la intranet,    al contrario de lo que prev&#233; la teor&#237;a social establecida sobre la    materia. </P>     <p> <U>Palabras-clave</U> Poder organizacional, sociedad de la informaci&#243;n,    intranet. </P>     <P></P>     <p>&nbsp;</P>     <p>Texto completo dispon&iacute;vel apenas em PDF.</P>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p> </P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p> <B>Refer&#234;ncias bibliogr&#225;ficas</B> </P>     <!-- ref --><p> Alin, Fred&#233;ric, e outros (2000), <I>Os Projectos Intranet: Da An&#225;lise das  Necessidades da Empresa &#224; Realiza&#231;&#227;o das Solu&#231;&#245;es</I>, Lisboa, Edi&#231;&#245;es Cetop. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000034&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Bernoux, Philipe (s. d.), <I>A Sociologia das Organiza&#231;&#245;es</I>, Porto, R&#233;s Editora. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000035&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Blair, Rebeca, e outros (1985), &#147;Vertical and network communication in  organizations: the present and the future&#148;, <I>Organizational Communication:  Traditional Themes and New Directions</I>, <I>Sage Anual Reviews of Communication  Research</I>, vol. 13, pp. 55-77. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000036&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Crozier, Michel (1963), <I>O Fen&#243;meno Burocr&#225;tico</I>, Bras&#237;lia, Editora Universidade  de Bras&#237;lia. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000037&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Crozier, Michel (1994), <I>A Empresa &#224; Escuta</I>, Lisboa, Instituto Piaget. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000038&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Crozier, Michel, e Erhard Friedberg (1977), <I>L&#146;Acteur et le Syst&#232;me</I>, Paris,  &#201;ditions du Seuil. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000039&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Hinrichs, Randy J. (1997), <I>Intranets: What&#146;s the Bottom Line?</I>, California,  Sun Microsystems Press. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000040&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Lemaire, Bruno (1997), <I>Entrepreneurs et Entreprises du 4e Type: Travail  et Activit&#233;s &#224; l&#146;&#200;re de l&#146;Information et d&#146;Internet</I>, Paris, Les &#201;ditions  d&#146;Organisation. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000041&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Lyon, David (1992), <I>A Sociedade da Informa&#231;&#227;o</I>, Oeiras, Celta Editora. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000042&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Mintzberg, Henry (1995), <I>Estrutura e Din&#226;mica das Organiza&#231;&#245;es</I>, Lisboa,  Publica&#231;&#245;es Dom Quixote. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000043&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Moreira, Carlos Diogo (1994), <I>Planeamento e Estrat&#233;gias da Investiga&#231;&#227;o  Social</I>, Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Ci&#234;ncias Sociais e Pol&#237;ticas. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000044&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Nunes, Clemente P. (1998), <I>O Desafio da Gest&#227;o Industrial em Portugal</I>,  Lisboa, Verbo Editora. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000045&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Touraine, Alain (1970), <I>A Sociedade Post-Industrial</I>, Lisboa, Moraes Editores. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000046&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p> <I>Documentos electr&#243;nicos</I> </P>     <!-- ref --><p> ProNews Internet (1998), <I>Gaceta de los Negocios</I>, &#147;Las empresas    y su visi&#243;n limitada de las intranets&#148;, em <a href="http://negocios.ms.wwa.com/gn/titulo.html" target="_blank">http://negocios.ms.wwa.com/gn/titulo.html</a>    (Novembro, 1998). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000048&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p> Telleen, Steven L. (1999), &#147;Intranet organization: strategies for managing    change&#148;, em <a href="http://www.iorg.com/intranetorg/chpt9.html" target="_blank">http://www.iorg.com/intranetorg/chpt9.html</a>    (Maio, 1999). &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000049&pid=S0873-6529200400020000600015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>&nbsp;</P>     <p> <a name="1"></a><a href="#top1">*</a> Sandra Pereira. Escola Superior de Comunica&#231;&#227;o    Social. <I>E-mail</I>: <a href="mailto:spereira@escs.ipl.pt">spereira@escs.ipl.pt</a>  </P>     <P>&nbsp; </P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp; </P>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fredéric]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os Projectos Intranet: Da Análise das Necessidades da Empresa à Realização das Soluções]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edições Cetop]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernoux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philipe]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Sociologia das Organizações]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Rés Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rebeca]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Vertical and network communication in organizations: the present and the future]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Organizational Communication: Traditional Themes and New Directions, Sage Anual Reviews of Communication Research]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>55-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crozier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Fenómeno Burocrático]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Universidade de Brasília]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crozier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Empresa à Escuta]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Piaget]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crozier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erhard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L’Acteur et le Système]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Éditions du Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinrichs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Randy J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Intranets: What’s the Bottom Line?]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[^eCalifornia California]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sun Microsystems Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemaire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruno]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Entrepreneurs et Entreprises du 4e Type: Travail et Activités à l’Ère de l’Information et d’Internet]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Les Éditions d’Organisation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Sociedade da Informação]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oeiras ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Celta Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mintzberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estrutura e Dinâmica das Organizações]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Publicações Dom Quixote]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Diogo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Planeamento e Estratégias da Investigação Social]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clemente P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Desafio da Gestão Industrial em Portugal]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Verbo Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Touraine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alain]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Sociedade Post-Industrial]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Moraes Editores]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta de los Negocios]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ProNews Internet]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Telleen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Steven L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Intranet organization: strategies for managing change]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
