Revisitar a produção americana (1930-2000)

Cristina Lobo*

Resumo

Famílias recompostas: revisitar a produção americana (1930-2000)

Na década de 1960, ao assistirem ao aumento acelerado da taxa de divorcialidade e do número de recasamentos no total dos casamentos, os cientistas sociais americanos começaram a interessar-se pelo recasamento e pelas crianças que viviam com um padrasto ou uma madrasta. No entanto, entre os anos 30 e 60, já tinha surgido um conjunto de pesquisas sobre o recasamento e a consequente organização familiar a que este acontecimento obriga, cujos resultados nelas alcançados se tornaram pontos de partida para um grande número de investigações. Ao longo de quase um século de investigações ficou a saber-se muito mais sobre as famílias recompostas: o seu crescimento demográfico, estrutura, desenvolvimento e dinâmicas. Para além da diversidade interna destas configurações, todos os tipos de famílias recompostas partilham dinâmicas e características estruturais específicas e únicas, o que as diferencia dos outros tipos de arranjos familiares.

Palavras-chave Recasamento, famílias recompostas.

Abstract

In the 1960s, as the divorce rate soared along with the number of remarriages as a proportion of total marriages, American social scientists began to get interested in remarriage and in children living with stepparents. However, from the 1930s through to the 1960s, there had already been a series of research projects into remarriage and the consequent model of family organization which such an event required, and the findings of these studies provided the starting point for a large amount of research. Over the course of almost a century of research, a great deal more was learned about step families: their demographical growth, structure, development and dynamics. In addition to the internal diversity of these configurations, all types of recomposed families shared specific and unique dynamics and structural characteristics, differentiating them from other types of family arrangements.

Key-words Remarriage, recomposed families.

Résumé

Familles recomposées: revisiter la production américaine (1930-2000)

Dans les années 60, en constatant l’augmentation accélérée du nombre de divorces et du nombre de remariages dans l’ensemble des mariages, les sociologues américains ont commencé à s’intéresser au remariage et aux enfants qui vivaient avec un beau-père ou une belle-mère. Cependant, entre les années 30 et 60, plusieurs recherches avaient déjà été menées sur le remariage et ses conséquences sur l’organisation familiale, dont les résultats ont servi de point de départ pour un grand nombre de nouvelles recherches. Les études menées au long de près d’un siècle ont permis d’en savoir beaucoup plus sur les familles recomposées: croissance démographique, structure, développement et dynamiques. Quelle que soit la diversité interne de ces configurations, tous les types de familles recomposées partagent des dynamiques et des caractéristiques structurelles spécifiques et uniques, ce qui les distingue des autres types d’aménagements familiaux.

Mots-clés Remariage, familles recomposées.

Resumen

En la década de 1960 al asistir al aumento acelerado de la tasa de divorcialidad y del número de recasamientos en el total de los matrimonios, los científicos sociales americanos comenzaron a interesarse por el recasamiento y por los niños que vivían con un padrastro o una madrastra. Con todo, entre los años 30 y 60, ya había surgido un conjunto de investigaciones sobre el recasamiento y la consecuente organización familiar a la que este acontecimiento obliga, cuyos resultados en estas alcanzados se convirtieron en puntos de partida para un gran número de investigaciones. A lo largo de casi un siglo de investigaciones se paso a saber mucho más sobre las familias recompuestas: su crecimiento demográfico, estructura, desarrollo y dinámicas. Más allá de la diversidad interna de estas configuraciones, todos los tipos de familias recompuestas comparten dinámicas y características estructurales específicas y únicas, lo que las diferencia de los otros tipos de arreglos familiares.

Palabras-clave Recasamiento, familias recompuestas.

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*Cristina Lobo. Investigadora do CIES. Docente do Departamento de Sociologia do ISCTE. E-mail: Cristina.lobo@iscte.pt