<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0873-6561</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Etnográfica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Etnográfica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0873-6561</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro em Rede de Investigação em Antropologia - CRIA]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0873-65612006000100004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Secularism and islamic modernism in Turkey]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Secularismo e modernismo islâmico na Turquia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cinar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alev]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Bilkent University Department of Political Science ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>85</fpage>
<lpage>96</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0873-65612006000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0873-65612006000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0873-65612006000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper focuses on the institutionalization of secularism in Turkey through the establishment of a Directorate of Religious Affairs as a state office, vested with full authority over Islamic thought and practice. It explores the ways in which the state promoted this Directorate as the only legitimate Islamic authority in Turkey and how, in the 1990s, alternative voices representing Islamic thought and practice gained salience and challenged the authority of official Islam. It is in such a context that the Islamic modernizers emerged as a new political movement around AK (Justice and Development) Party, which broke off from the former Islamist party Refah/Fazilet, and won a major victory at the 2002 general elections. The paper addresses the emergence of AK Party and its policy toward secularism, political Islam and nationalism.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Este texto aborda a institucionalização do secularismo na Turquia, promovida através da implantação de uma Secretaria de Estado dos Assuntos Religiosos, investida de completa autoridade sobre o pensamento e prática islâmica. Exploram-se as formas através das quais o estado promoveu esta secretaria como a única autoridade islâmica legítima na Turquia e como, nos anos 90 do século XX, vozes alternativas do pensamento e prática islâmica ganharam visibilidade e desafiaram a autoridade do Islão oficial. É neste contexto que emergiram modernizadores islâmicos como um novo movimento politico afecto ao partido AK (Justiça e Desenvolvimento), que se desligou do antigo partido islamista Rafeh/Fazilet e obteve uma importante vitória nas eleições gerais de 2002. O texto descreve a emergência do AK e as suas políticas relativamente ao secularismo, Islão político e nacionalismo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Islam in Turkey]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political Islam]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nationalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Islam and modernity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[secularism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[AK Party]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Islão na Turquia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Islão político]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[nacionalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Islão e modernidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[secularismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Partido AK]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P><b>SECULARISM AND ISLAMIC MODERNISM IN TURKEY</b></P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P>Alev Cinar <a href="#1">*</a><a name="top1"></a> </P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P align="justify">This paper focuses on the institutionalization of secularism    in Turkey through the establishment of a Directorate of Religious Affairs as    a state office, vested with full authority over Islamic thought and practice.    It explores the ways in which the state promoted this Directorate as the only    legitimate Islamic authority in Turkey and how, in the 1990s, alternative voices    representing Islamic thought and practice gained salience and challenged the    authority of official Islam. It is in such a context that the Islamic modernizers    emerged as a new political movement around AK (Justice and Development) Party,    which broke off from the former Islamist party Refah/Fazilet, and won a major    victory at the 2002 general elections. The paper addresses the emergence of    AK Party and its policy toward secularism, political Islam and nationalism.</P>     <P align="justify">KEYWORDS: Islam in Turkey; political Islam; nationalism; Islam    and modernity; secularism; AK Party.</P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P>SECULARISMO E MODERNISMO ISLÂMICO NA TURQUIA</P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P align="justify">Este texto aborda a institucionalização do secularismo na Turquia,    promovida através da implantação de uma Secretaria de Estado dos Assuntos Religiosos,    investida de completa autoridade sobre o pensamento e prática islâmica. Exploram-se    as formas através das quais o estado promoveu esta secretaria como a única autoridade    islâmica legítima na Turquia e como, nos anos 90 do século XX, vozes alternativas    do pensamento e prática islâmica ganharam visibilidade e desafiaram a autoridade    do Islão oficial. É neste contexto que emergiram modernizadores islâmicos como    um novo movimento politico afecto ao partido AK (Justiça e Desenvolvimento),    que se desligou do antigo partido islamista Rafeh/Fazilet e obteve uma importante    vitória nas eleições gerais de 2002. O texto descreve a emergência do AK e as    suas políticas relativamente ao secularismo, Islão político e nacionalismo.</P>     <P align="justify"><I>PALAVRAS-CHAVE: </I>Islão na Turquia; Islão político; nacionalismo;    Islão e modernidade; secularismo; Partido AK.</P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</P>     <P>Full text only available in PDF format.</P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P><B>REFERENCES</B></P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><P>BULAÇ, Ali, 1993, “Modern Devletin Totaliter ve Ulus Niteli&#287;i  [The Totalitarian and National Nature of the Modern State]”, <i>Bilgi  ve Hikmet</I>, 3: 3-15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000023&pid=S0873-6561200600010000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><P>CINAR, Alev, 2005, <i>Modernity, Secularism and Islam in Turkey:  Bodies, Places and Time</I>. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.</P>      <P>GÜLEN, Nejat, 1994, “Gerici Ile Uzla&#351;ma Olmaz! [Compromise is  Not Possible with Reactionaries!]”, <i>Devinim</I>, 10: 8.</P>      <P>KEZER, Zeynep, 1999, “The Making of a National Capital: Ideology and  Socio-Spatial Practices in Early Republican Ankara”. Ph.D. dissertation,  University of California, Berkeley.</P>      <P>MACLEOD, Arlene, 1991, <i>Accommodating Protest: Working Women, the  New Veiling, and Change in Cairo</I>. New York, Columbia University  Press.</P>      <P>MARDIN, erif, 1971, “Ideology and Religion in the Turkish Revolution”,  <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</I>, 2: 197-211.</P>      <P>ÖNCÜ, Ayse, 1995, “Packaging Islam: Cultural Politics on the Landscape  of Turkish Commercial Television”, <i>Public Culture</I>, 8 (1): 51-71.  </P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P><a href="#top1">*</a><a name="1"></a> Alev Cinar</P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>Department of Political Science </P>     <P>Bilkent University</P>      <P><a href="mailto:alevc@bilkent.edu.tr">alevc@bilkent.edu.tr</a></P>       ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BULAÇ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Modern Devletin Totaliter ve Ulus Niteli&#287;i [The Totalitarian and National Nature of the Modern State]]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bilgi ve Hikmet]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>3-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
