<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0874-0283</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Enfermagem Referência]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Enf. Ref.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0874-0283</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra - Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde - Enfermagem]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0874-02832021000300014</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12707/rv20140</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Movimentos de profissionalização histórica: a relação entre as catástrofes sociais e a enfermagem moderna]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Historical professionalization movements: the relationship between social disasters and modern nursing]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Movimientos de profesionalización histórica: la relación entre las catástrofes sociales y la enfermería moderna]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo Alexandre Figueiredo dos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabiais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel Cristina Mascarenhas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amendoeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Joaquim Penedos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueiredo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amélia Simões]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berenguer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sílvia Maria Alves Caldeira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Cristina Queiroz Vaz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa Escola Superior de Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Católica Portuguesa Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Católica Portuguesa Instituto de Ciências da Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Santarém Escola Superior de Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santarém ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Politécnico de Leiria Escola Superior de Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Leiria ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>serV</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0874-02832021000300014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0874-02832021000300014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0874-02832021000300014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Contexto:  É em contexto de catástrofes sociais que a afirmação socioprofissional do enfermeiro se constitui uma referência.  Objetivo:  Dimensionar a relação entre as catástrofes sociais e a relevância do trabalho realizado por determinadas enfermeiras, no final do século XIX, com contributo para a construção/evolução da enfermagem enquanto profissão.  Metodologia:  Embora as opções metodológicas na validação do caráter científico deste estudo histórico assentem na historiografia, os factos narrados e interpretados foram contextualizados em função da época histórica, permitindo o emergir de novos significados que possibilitem definir no próprio tecido documental, unidades, conjuntos, séries, relações inovadoras.  Resultados:  Foram várias as enfermeiras que contribuíram para a evolução da enfermagem enquanto ciência. Experienciaram a sua profissão em contextos com um denominador comum: os conflitos armados que se traduziram num cenário de catástrofe social, onde imperava a necessidade de cuidar do Outro.  Conclusão:  É inegável que os contextos de catástrofes sociais permitiram um campo de atuação que conferiu visibilidade à enfermagem moderna e possibilitou um caminho, traçado no sentido de construir a enfermagem enquanto disciplina.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Nurses&#8217; socio-professional affirmation becomes a reference in contexts of social disasters.  Objective:  To analyze the relationship between social disasters and the importance of the contribution of some nurses to designing/developing nursing as a profession at the end of the 19th century.  Methodology:  Although the methodological choices in the validation of the scientific nature of this historical study are based on historiography, the facts narrated and interpreted in this study were contextualized according to the historical period, which allowed the development of new meanings that define unities, totalities, series, and innovative relations within the documentary material itself.  Results:  Several nurses contributed to the development of nursing as a science. They practiced their profession in contexts with a common denominator: armed conflicts that translated into a scenario of social disaster, where the need to care for others was paramount.  Conclusion:  Contexts of social disasters unquestionably provided modern nursing with a field of action that brought it visibility and allowed its development as a discipline.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Contexto:  En el contexto de las catástrofes sociales es donde la afirmación socioprofesional del enfermero constituye un referente.  Objetivo:  Dimensionar la relación entre las catástrofes sociales y la relevancia del trabajo realizado por determinadas enfermeras a finales del siglo XIX, que contribuyeron a la construcción/evolución de la enfermería como profesión.  Metodología:  Aunque las opciones metodológicas para validar el carácter científico de este estudio histórico se basan en la historiografía, los hechos narrados e interpretados se contextualizaron según el período histórico, lo que permite que surjan nuevos significados que hacen posible definir, en el propio tejido documental, unidades, conjuntos, series, relaciones innovadoras.  Resultados:  Varias enfermeras contribuyeron a la evolución de la enfermería como ciencia. Vivieron su profesión en contextos con un denominador común, conflictos armados que derivaron en un escenario de catástrofe social, donde primaba la necesidad de cuidar al Otro.  Conclusión:  Es innegable que los contextos de las catástrofes sociales propiciaron un campo de acción que dio visibilidad a la enfermería moderna y habilitó un camino hacia la construcción de la enfermería como disciplina.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[história da enfermagem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[enfermagem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[enfermeiros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ciência]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[conflitos armados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[catástrofes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[history of nursing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nursing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nurses]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[science]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[armed conflicts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[disasters]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia de la enfermería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermeras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conflictos armados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[catástrofes]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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