<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0874-0283</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Enfermagem Referência]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Enf. Ref.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0874-0283</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra - Unidade de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde - Enfermagem]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0874-02832024000200201</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12707/rvi23.70.31393</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Determinantes da pneumonia associada à ventilação invasiva numa unidade de cuidados intensivos de um hospital central]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determinants of invasive ventilator-associated pneumonia in an intensive care unit of a central hospital]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinantes de la neumonía asociada a la ventilación invasiva en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital central]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Artur Manuel Silva]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graça]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís Carlos Carvalho]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João Serviço de Medicina Intensiva I ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo Escola Superior de Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Viana do Castelo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>serVI</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0874-02832024000200201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0874-02832024000200201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0874-02832024000200201&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Enquadramento:  As infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde (IACS) são uma problemática atual dos sistemas de saúde variando a sua incidência, prevalência do contexto de cuidados. A pneumonia associada à ventilação (PAV) é disso um exemplo ocorrendo em unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI).  Objetivo:  Analisar determinantes da PAV, em doentes internados numa UCI de um hospital central do norte de Portugal.  Metodologia:  Estudo descritivo-correlacional e retrospetivo, com base nos registos de 705 doentes internados na UCI.  Resultados:  Constituíram-se determinantes da PAV o sexo masculino, tratamento prévio com antibiótico, reintubação endotraqueal, nível de consciência, pressão de cuff, tempo de ventilação, diagnóstico de entrada lesões, envenenamento e algumas outras consequências de causas externas. A incidência de PAV foi de 4,5%.  Conclusão:  O uso criterioso de antibióticos, o menor tempo possível de ventilação invasiva, a implementação de protocolos de desmame ventilatório e auditorias ao cumprimento da bundle da PAV podem contribuir para melhores cuidados e intervenções de enfermagem mais eficazes e seguras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Healthcare-associated infections are a prevalent issue in health systems that affect everyone. The incidence and prevalence of healthcare-associated infections depend on the context in which they occur. An example of this is ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units.  Objective:  To analyze the determinants of ventilator-associated pneumonia in an intensive care unit of a central hospital in northern Portugal.  Methodology:  A retrospective, descriptive-correlational quantitative study was conducted with 705 patients admitted to the ICU of the hospital under investigation.  Results:  The results show that male gender, previous antibiotic use, endotracheal reintubation, level of consciousness, cuff pressure, ventilation time, injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes as admitting diagnosis are among the determinants of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Moreover, the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia was of 4.5%.  Conclusion:  The study recommends the judicious use of antibiotics, limiting the duration of invasive ventilation, implementing ventilator weaning protocols, and auditing compliance with the care bundle for ventilator-associated pneumonia. This study sheds light on the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia and its recommendations contribute to better care and more effective and safer nursing interventions.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Marco contextual:  Las infecciones asociadas a los cuidados sanitarios (IACS) son un problema actual en los sistemas sanitarios, y su incidencia y prevalencia varían en función del entorno asistencial. Un ejemplo de ello es la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica (PAV), que se da en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI).  Objetivo:  Analizar los determinantes de la PAV en pacientes ingresados en la UCI de un hospital central del norte de Portugal.  Metodología:  Estudio descriptivo-correlacional y retrospectivo, basado en los registros de 705 pacientes ingresados en la UCI.  Resultados:  Los factores determinantes de la PAV fueron el sexo masculino, el tratamiento antibiótico previo, la reintubación endotraqueal, el nivel de consciencia, la presión del manguito, el tiempo de ventilación, el diagnóstico de entrada de lesiones, la intoxicación y algunas otras consecuencias de causas externas. La incidencia de PAV fue del 4,5%.  Conclusión:  El uso prudente de antibióticos, el menor tiempo posible de ventilación invasiva, la aplicación de protocolos de destete del ventilador y las auditorías de cumplimiento del paquete de PAV pueden contribuir a mejorar los cuidados y a que las intervenciones de enfermería sean más eficaces y seguras.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[infeção hospitalar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pneumonia associada ao ventilador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[unidade de terapia intensiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[enfermagem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cross infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pneumonia, ventilator-associated]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[intensive care units]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nursing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infección hospitalaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumonía asociada a la ventilación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[unidad de cuidados intensivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermería]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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