<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0874-2049</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Psicologia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Psicologia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0874-2049</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Associação Portuguesa de Psicologia (APP)Edições Colibri]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0874-20492025000100063</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17575/psicologia.1998</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factorial analysis and invariance of the Portuguese version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale - Version 3]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edna]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Célia Barreto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa Marina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Beira Interior Faculty of Social and Human Sciences Department of Psychology and Education]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Covilhã ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Coimbra Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coimbra ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Azores  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ponta Delgada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Beira Interior Department of Psychology and Education ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Covilhã ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>63</fpage>
<lpage>75</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0874-20492025000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0874-20492025000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0874-20492025000100063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objectives of this study are to analyze the psychometric properties of the data collected with the European Portuguese version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 (UCLA-LS-3) and to evaluate levels of loneliness and perceived social isolation in Portuguese adults. 802 individuals aged 18 to 82 years (M= 35.12; SD= 15.67) responded to the scale, and reliability and validity analyses were conducted. The total score of the UCLA-LS-3 exhibited a strong negative correlation with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. A three-factor model showed the best fit, demonstrating good fit [(&#967;2/df = 1.81; CFI = .99; RMSEA (90 CI) = .032 (.026; .038)]. This model showed only metric invariance between genders and only configural invariance between age groups. The results support the UCLA-LS-3 as a reliable and valid measure of loneliness for future research studies interested in assessing the psychological experience of loneliness in Portuguese population.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Loneliness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social isolation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[UCLA Loneliness scale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Factorial structure]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reliability and validity of Japanese versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 for use among mothers with infants and toddlers: a cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC women's health]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khanzeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahboulaghi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keshtkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montazeri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Defining loneliness in older adults: Protocol for a systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Systematic Reviews]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boffo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mannarini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploratory structure equation modelling of the UCLA Loneliness Scale: A contribution to the italian adaptation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>345-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The growing problem of loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[HHS Public Access]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>391</volume>
<numero>10119</numero>
<issue>10119</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Loneliness: Human nature and the need for social connection]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[W.W. Norton &amp; Company]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capitanio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goosens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boomsma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. I. B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness across phylogeny and a call for comparative studies and animal models]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectives on Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>202-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto-Gouveia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pimentel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mota-Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Características psicométricas da versão portuguesa da Escala Multidimensional de Suporte Social Percebido]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychologica]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<page-range>331-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sensitivity of Goodness of Fit Indexes to Lack of Measurement Invariance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>464-504</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of social support on loneliness and depression among older elderly people in China: Coping styles as mediators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Community Psychology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1235-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen-Mansfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hazan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lermanl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shalom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correlates and predictors of loneliness in older adults: A review of quantitative results informed by qualitative insights]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Psychogeriatrics]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>557-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Jong Gierveld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Tilburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The De Jong Gierveld short scales for emotional and social loneliness: Tested on data from 7 countries in the un generations and gender surveys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Ageing]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>121-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diehl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ishchanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hilger-Kolb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness at universities: Determinants of emotional and social loneliness among students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ditommaso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turbide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poulin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[L&#8217;échelle de solitude sociale et émotionnelle (éssé): A french-canadian adaption of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Behavior and Personality]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>339-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dodeen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of positively and negatively worded items on the factor structure of the UCLA Loneliness Scale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>259-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baguley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BrunSDen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From alpha to omega: A practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[British journal of psychology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>399-412</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senol-Durak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric qualities of the UCLA Loneliness Scale-version 3 as applied in a Turkish culture]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Gerontology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>10-11</numero>
<issue>10-11</issue>
<page-range>988-1007</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Westbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social isolation and loneliness as risk factors for the progression of frailty: The English Longitudinal Study of ageing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Age Ageing]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>392-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capitanio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived social isolation, evolutionary fitness and health outcomes: A lifespan approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>370</volume>
<numero>1669</numero>
<issue>1669</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Browne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cacioppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How can i connect with thee? Let me count the ways]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>798-804</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buecker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luhmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness from young adulthood to old age: Explaining age differences in loneliness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Behavioral Development]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>39-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wroblewski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luhmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schumm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are U.S. older adults getting lonelier? Age, period, and cohort differences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychology and Aging]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1144-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horigian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmidt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feaster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness, mental health, and substance use among us young adults during COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Psychoactive Drugs]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Typologies of loneliness, isolation and living alone are associated with psychological well-being among older adults in Taipei: A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hudiyana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lincoln]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartanto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shadiqi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muluk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How universal is a construct of loneliness? Measurement invariance of the UCLA Loneliness Scale in Indonesia, Germany, and the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Assessment]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1795-805</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jongen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hajema]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E. R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors of loneliness across the life span]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Social and Personal Relationships]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1482-507</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hwang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tzung-Jeng]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabheru]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peisah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reichman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Psychogeriatrics]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1217-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazzei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Filling a void? The role of social enterprise in addressing social isolation and loneliness in rural communities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Rural Studies]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<page-range>225-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lauder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mummery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharkey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social capital, age and religiosity in people who are lonely]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Clinical Nursing]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>334-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Longobardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Active social network sites use and loneliness: The mediating role of social support and self-Esteem]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Psychology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>1279-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackenzie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibbotson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beaumont]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poulter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trueman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Locations of marine animals revealed by carbon isotopes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific Reports]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCarthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating the prevalence of social and emotional loneliness across the adult lifespan]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific reports]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Agnieszka]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moffitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arseneault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lonely young adults in modern britain: Findings from an epidemiological cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychological Medicine]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>268-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mcquaid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogunlana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaworska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The burden of loneliness: Implications of the social determinants of health during COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychiatry Research]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>296</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicholson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric evaluation of the social isolation scale in older adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Gerontologist]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Majeed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mansur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosenblat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mclntyre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of loneliness on distinct health outcomes: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychiatry Research]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>294</volume>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Solidão, um fator de risco]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>334-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of personality assessment]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinazo-Hernandis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donio-Bellegarde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tomás]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validation of the University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (version 3) in Spanish older population: An application of exploratory structural equation modelling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Australian Psychological Science]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>283-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shevlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The latent structure of loneliness: Testing competing factor models of the UCLA Loneliness Scale in a large adolescent sample]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Assessment]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>208-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sipowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Podlecka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mokros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pietras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lonely in the city -sociodemographic status and somatic morbidities as predictors of loneliness and depression among seniors - preliminary results]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>7213</numero>
<issue>7213</issue>
<page-range>2-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strizhitskaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murtazina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vartanyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shchuzin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness among middle-aged and older middle-aged adults in Russia (Saint Petersburg) before and during COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Surkalim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gebel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Buskirk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bauman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The prevalence of loneliness across 113 countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>376</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teater]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chonody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[David]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk and protective factors of loneliness among older adults: The significance of social isolation and quality and type of contact]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Work In Public Health]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>128-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valtorta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanaan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilbody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanratty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and risk of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ageing Research Reviews]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valtorta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanaan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilbody]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ronzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanratty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Heart Journal]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>1009-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Testing Factorial Invariance With Unbalanced Samples]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Memari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moshayedi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shayestehfar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Validity and reliability of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 in Farsi]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Gerontology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>49-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeas-Sigüenza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganho-Ávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vagos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruisoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Psychometric properties of the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale version 3: The european portuguese version]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ansiedad y Estrés]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dahlem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Personality Assessment]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>30-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
