<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0874-5161</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigação Operacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inv. Op.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0874-5161</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[APDIO - Associação Portuguesa de Investigação Operacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0874-51612006000200002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Optimização da Exploração de Recursos Térmicos considerando a Restrição de Emissões]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimal scheduling of thermal power systems considering emission constraints]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catalão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mariano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sílvio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,UBI - Universidade da Beira Interior Departamento de Engenharia Electromecânica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e Automação ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,IST - Instituto Superior Técnico Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>147</fpage>
<lpage>161</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0874-51612006000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0874-51612006000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0874-51612006000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper focuses on the optimal scheduling of thermal power systems. A new methodology based on multiobjective optimisation is proposed for solving the problem considering emission constraints. The numerical results obtained for a case study illustrate the behaviour of the new methodology proposed.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Neste artigo é enunciado e descrito o problema de optimização da exploração de recursos térmicos. Uma nova metodologia baseada em optimização multiobjectivo é proposta para a resolução deste problema tendo em consideração a restrição de emissões. Apresentam-se os resultados numéricos obtidos para um caso de estudo e conclui-se sobre o desempenho da nova metodologia proposta.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optimal scheduling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multiobjective optimisation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emission constraints]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><b>Optimização da Exploração de Recursos Térmicos considerando    a Restrição de Emissões</b></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center">João Catalão <sup>†</sup></p>     <p align="center">Sílvio Mariano <sup>†</sup></p>     <p align="center">Victor Mendes <sup>‡</sup></p>     <p align="center">Luís Ferreira <sup>§</sup></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center"><sup>† </sup>Departamento de Engenharia Electromecânica</p>     <p align="center">UBI – Universidade da Beira Interior</p>     <p align="center"><a href="mailto:catalao@ubi.pt">catalao@ubi.pt</a></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center"><a href="mailto:sm@ubi.pt">sm@ubi.pt</a></p>     <p align="center"><sup>‡ </sup>Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e Automação</p>     <p align="center">ISEL – Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa</p>     <p align="center"><a href="mailto:vfmendes@isel.pt">vfmendes@isel.pt</a></p>     <p align="center"><sup>§ </sup>Departamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e de    Computadores</p>     <p align="center">IST – Instituto Superior Técnico</p>     <p align="center"><a href="mailto:lmf@ist.utl.pt">lmf@ist.utl.pt</a></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="center"><b>Title:</b> Optimal scheduling of thermal power systems considering    emission constraints</p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="center"><b>Abstract</b></p>      <p>This paper focuses on the optimal scheduling of thermal power systems. A new    methodology based on multiobjective optimisation is proposed for solving the    problem considering emission constraints. The numerical results obtained for    a case study illustrate the behaviour of the new methodology proposed.</p>      <p><b>Keywords:</b> Optimal scheduling, multiobjective optimisation, emission    constraints</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p align="center"><b>Resumo</b></p>      <p>Neste artigo é enunciado e descrito o problema de optimização da exploração    de recursos térmicos. Uma nova metodologia baseada em optimização multiobjectivo    é proposta para a resolução deste problema tendo em consideração a restrição    de emissões. Apresentam-se os resultados numéricos obtidos para um caso de estudo    e conclui-se sobre o desempenho da nova metodologia proposta.</p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>       <p>Texto completo apenas disponível em PDF. </p>     <p>Full text only in PDF.</p>         <p>&nbsp;</p>         <p><b>Referências</b></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <!-- ref --><p>Abdul-Rahman, K. H., Shahidehpour, S. M., Aganagic, M., and Mokhtari, S. (1996) A Practical Resource Scheduling with OPF Constraints, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.&nbsp;11, No.&nbsp;1, pp.&nbsp;254-259.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=329332&pid=S0874-5161200600020000200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>Abido, M. A. (2003) Environmental/Economic Power Dispatch using Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.&nbsp;18, No.&nbsp;4, pp.&nbsp;1529-1537.</p>      <p>Bellhouse, G. M. and Whittington, H. W. (1996) Simulation of Gaseous Emissions from Electricity Generating Plant, International Journal of Electrical Power &amp; Energy Systems, Vol.&nbsp;18, No.&nbsp;8, pp.&nbsp;501-507.</p>      <p>Catalão, J., Mariano, S., Mendes, V., and Ferreira, L. (2005) Unit Commitment with Environmental Considerations: A Practical Approach, Proceedings of the 15th Power Systems Computation Conference, Liege, Belgium.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Catalão, J. P. S. (2006) Novas Metodologias de Optimização em Sistemas de Energia Hidrotérmicos, Dissertação de Doutoramento, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã.</p>      <p>Chen, P. -C. and Huang, C. -M. (2004) Biobjective Power Dispatch using Goal-Attainment Method and Adaptive Polynomial Networks, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.&nbsp;19, No.&nbsp;4, pp.&nbsp;741-747.</p>      <p>Chiang, C. -L., Liaw, J. -H., and Su, C. -T., New Approach with a Genetic Algorithm Framework to Multi-Objective Generation Dispatch Problems, European Transactions on Electrical Power, Vol.&nbsp;15, No.&nbsp;4, pp.&nbsp;381-395.</p>      <p>Dhillon, J. S. and Kothari, D. P. (2000) The Surrogate Worth Trade-Off Approach for Multiobjective Thermal Power Dispatch Problem, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol.&nbsp;56, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;103-110.</p>      <p>Ferreira, L. A. F. M., Anderson, T., Imparato, C. F., Miller, T. E., Pang, C. K., Svoboda, A., and Vojdani, A. F. (1989) Short-Term Resource Scheduling in Multi-Area Hydrothermal Power Systems, International Journal of Electrical Power &amp; Energy Systems, Vol.&nbsp;11, No.&nbsp;3,    <br> pp.&nbsp;200-212.</p>      <p>Gjengedal, T. (1996) Emission Constrained Unit-Commitment (ECUC), IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol.&nbsp;11, No.&nbsp;1, pp.&nbsp;132-138.</p>      <p>Hota, P. K. and Dash, S. K. (2004) Multiobjective Generation Dispatch through a Neuro-Fuzzy Technique, Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol.&nbsp;32, No.&nbsp;11, pp.&nbsp;1191-1206.</p>      <p>Kuloor, S., Hope, G. S., and Malik, O. P. (1992) Environmentally Constrained Unit Commitment, IEE Proceedings-Generation Transmission and Distribution, Vol.&nbsp;139, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;122-128.</p>      <p>Mendes, V. M. F., Mariano, S. J. P. S., Catalão, J. P. S., and Ferreira, L. A. F. M. (2004) Emission Constraints on Short-Term Schedule of Thermal Units, Proceedings of the 39th International Universities Power Engineering Conference, Bristol, UK.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Miettinen, K. M. (1999) Nonlinear Multiobjective Optimization, Kluwer Academic, Norwell, USA.</p>      <p>Muslu, M. (2004) Economic Dispatch with Environmental Considerations: Tradeoff Curves and Emission Reduction Rates, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol.&nbsp;71, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;153-158.</p>      <p>Padhy, N. P. (2004) Unit Commitment — A Bibliographical Survey, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.&nbsp;19, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;1196-1205.</p>      <p>Pires, D. F., Martins, A. G., and Antunes, C. H. (2004) Modelo Multiobjectivo para Apoio à Localização de Condensadores em Redes Radiais de Distribuição, Investigação Operacional, Vol.&nbsp;24, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;139-157.</p>      <p>Snyder, W. L., Jr., Powell, H. D., Jr., and Rayburn, J. C. (1987) Dynamic Programming Approach to Unit Commitment, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.&nbsp;PWRS-2, No.&nbsp;2, pp.&nbsp;339-350.</p>         ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdul-Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahidehpour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aganagic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mokhtari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Practical Resource Scheduling with OPF Constraints]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Power Systems]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>254-259</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
