Estudo dos prejuízos cognitivosna dependência do álcool

Margareth da Silva Oliveira¹, Ronaldo Laranjeira², & Antônio Jaeger¹

¹Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Pós Graduação em Psicologia Porto Alegre – Brasil

²Universal Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) São Paulo – Brasil

RESUMO: O presente trabalho objetiva verificar se há alterações na área de percepção visual e na memória imediata em 152 participantes masculinos com o diagnóstico de alcoolismo. Para a avaliação neurocognitiva foi utilizado o teste Figuras Complexas de Rey, aplicado em dois momentos, com um intervalo de três meses entre os mesmos. Aplicou-se uma única vez o SADD, objetivando avaliar a gravidade da dependência do álcool. Os resultados encontrados no teste Figuras Complexas de Rey, no que tange à memória, foram significativos (p=0,0001). Os resultados obtidos no SADD mostram que 72% dos participantes apresentaram dependência grave e 28% moderada. Dentre os participantes com dependência grave, houveram diferenças significativas quanto à memória (p=0,0001). No que tange à manutenção da abstinência, 66,3% dos sujeitos mantiveram-se abstinentes, e 33,7% recaíram. Nos abstinentes, encontraram-se resultados significativos em relação às duas funções cognitivas, percepção visual e memória. Aqueles que não mantiveram-se abstinentes, apresentaram melhoras quanto à memória (p=0,02).

Palavras chave: Abstinência, Dependência alcoólica, Grau de dependência, Memória, Prejuízos cognitivos

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present work is verify if there are changes on visual perception and in the immediate memory, in a sample of 152 masculine inpatients, with the alcoholism diagnostic. For the neurocognitive valuation was used the test Figuras Complexas de Rey, applyed in two moments, between three months. Was applyed once the SADD, to avalue the dependence gravity. The results of the test Figuras Complexas de Rey, in the memory variable, was significant (p=.0001). The results obtained on the SADD, showed that 72% of the patients had serious dependence and 28% had moderate. The serious ones, on memory variable, presented signicant diferences (p=.0001). In relation of the maintenance of abstinence, 66,3% keeped abstinence and 33,7% falled back. In the abstinence group, were found significat results in both variable, copy and memory. The patients that didn’t keep abstinence had significant results on memory variable (p=.25).

Key words: Abstinence, Alcohol dependence, Cognitive impairment, Dependence Level, Memory

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text only available in PDF format.

REFERÊNCIAS

Ackermann, K., Mann, K., Gunther, A., & Stetter, F. (1999). Rapid recovery from cognitive deficits in abstinent alcoholics: A controlled test-retest study. Alcohol-Alcohol, 34, 567-574.

Arias, J.L., Santin, L.J., & Rubio, S. (2000). Effects of chronic alcohol consumption on spatial reference and working memory tasks. Alcohol, 20,149-159.

Brown, S., Tapert, S.F., Brown, G.G., et al. (2001). Measurement of brain dysfunction in alcohol-dependent young women. Alcohol Clinical Experimental Research, 25, 236-245.

Brown, S., & Tapert, S.F. (2000). Substance dependence, family history of alcohol dependence and neuropsychological functioning in adolescence. Addiction, 95, 1043-1053.

Evert, D., &Oscar-Berman, M. (1995). Alcohol-related cognitive impairment. Alcohol, Health & Research World, 19 (2), 183-187

Hohmann, H.L., Savage, L.G., & Candon, P.M. (2000). Alcohol-induced brain pathology and behavioral dysfunction: Using na animal model to examine sex differences. Alcohol Clinical Experimental Research, 24, 465-475.

Jorge, M.R., & Masur, J. (1986). Questionários padronizados para a avaliação do grau de severidade da síndrome de dependência do álcool. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 35, 287-292.

Langlais, P.J., & Ciccia, R.M. (2000). An examination of the synergistic interaction of ethanol and thiamine deficiency in the development of neurological signs and long-term cognitive and memory impairments. Alcohol Clinical Experimental Research, 25, 622-634.

Lezak, M. (1995). Neuropsychological Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press.

Marlatt, G.A., Blume, A.W., & Schmaling, K.B. (2000). Executive cognitive function and heavy drinking behavior among college students. Psychological Addictive Behavior, 14, 299-302.

Pfefferbaum, A., Sullivan, E.V., & Rosenbloon, M.J. (2000). Pattern of motor and cognitive deficits in detoxified alcoholic men. Alcohol Clinical Experimental Research, 25, 611-621.

Swstzwelder, H.S., Pyapali, G.K., Turner, D.A., et al. (1999). Age and dose-dependent effects of ethanol on the induction of hippocampal long-term potentation. Alcohol, 19, 107-111.

Yudofsky, S.C., & Hales R.E. (1996). Compêndio de neuropsiquiatria. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.

Zlotnick, C., & Agnew, J. (1997). Neuropsychological function and psychosocial status of alcohol rehabilitation program residents. Addictive Behaviors, 22, 183-194.