<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-3794</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cadernos de Estudos Africanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cadernos de Estudos Africanos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-3794</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudos Internacionais do ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-37942019000200067</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Elections in Cape Verde, 1991-2016: Testing the second-order election model in a consolidated semi-presidential African democracy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Eleições em Cabo Verde, 1991-2016: Teste ao modelo de eleições de segunda ordem numa democracia semipresidencialista consolidada em África]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Santana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susana Rogeiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Danielton]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES-IUL) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Ciências Sociais ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>38</numero>
<fpage>67</fpage>
<lpage>91</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-37942019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-37942019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-37942019000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In this article, we analyse patterns of turnout and electoral choices of Cape Verde&#8217;s citizens in different types of elections, looking at all legislative, presidential and local elections held between 1991 and 2016, and testing four hypotheses derived from the second-order election model about differences in terms of turnout, number of spoiled/blank papers, results for the incumbent party and the electoral success of smaller parties. Our results show that, in what regards turnout and electoral behaviour, local elections present the features of second-order elections much more clearly than the presidential elections in this semi-presidential regime. However, this pattern does not necessarily mean that voters look at the latter as less second-order, but since they often took place in the honeymoon period of the legislative electoral cycle, it may only mean that there were lower incentives to punish the incumbent and/or disengage from political participation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Neste artigo, procuramos perceber os padrões de participação e as escolhas eleitorais dos cidadãos cabo-verdianos em diferentes tipos de eleições. Analisamos todas as eleições (legislativas, presidenciais e autárquicas) entre 1991 e 2016 para testar quatro hipóteses formuladas a partir do modelo de eleições de segunda ordem, relativas diferenças nos níveis de participação, número de votos inválidos/em branco, resultados do partido incumbente e sucesso eleitoral dos pequenos partidos. No que diz respeito à participação e comportamento eleitoral, os resultados revelam que há uma tendência para as eleições autárquicas apresentarem mais características de eleições de segunda ordem do que as eleições presidenciais neste regime semipresidencial. Contudo, tal não significa que os eleitores considerem as eleições presidenciais como menos de segunda ordem. Uma vez que as eleições presidenciais ocorreram durante o período de lua de mel do ciclo eleitoral legislativo, tal pode apenas significar que os eleitores têm tido menos incentivos para punir o partido incumbente e/ou absterem-se de votar.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cape Verde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[second-order elections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[turnout]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[local elections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[semi-presidentialism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cabo Verde]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[eleições de segunda ordem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[participação eleitoral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[eleições autárquicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[semipresidencialismo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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