<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-4464</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Gestão dos Países de Língua Portuguesa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Portuguesa e Brasileira de Gestão]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-4464</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INDEG-IUL - ISCTE Executive Education ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-44642007000300006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[A influência dos valores culturais na Responsabilidade Social das Empresas: Um estudo empírico sobre a atitude dos gestores brasileiros]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The influence of cultural values on Corporate Social Responsibility: an empirical study of Brazilian managers&#8217;attitudes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La influencia de los valores culturales en la Responsabilidad Social de las Empresas: Un estudio empírico sobre la actitud de los gestores brasileños]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Filipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sobral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Filipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Coimbra  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coimbra ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundação Getúlio Vargas Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brasil ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>51</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-44642007000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-44642007000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-44642007000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Na origem do comportamento empresarial estão decisões individuais dos dirigentes, cuja compreensão plena só é possível por meio da análise das suas motivações e dos fatores que influenciam e condicionam o julgamento humano. O sistema de valores e de crenças do dirigente pode ser determinante na tomada de decisões sobre questões que envolvam a relação da empresa com a sociedade. Assim, este artigo pretende avaliar como a atitude dos dirigentes empresariais perante a Responsabilidade Social das Empresas (RSE) é influenciada pelos seus valores culturais. Numa pesquisa com 158 gestores brasileiros, foi identificada uma relação significativa entre a preocupação com a comunidade envolvente e os valores masculinos, contrastando com a maior resistência ao desenvolvimento destes laços com a comunidade por parte dos gestores mais conservadores. Foi testada uma escala para avaliação da atitude perante a RSE e exploradas as razões que podem justificar os resultados encontrados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Corporate behavior is largely based on top managers&#8217; individual decisions, which can only be fully understood through comprehensive analysis of the underlying factors that influence and shape human judgment.The managers&#8217; personal system of values and beliefs can play a decisive role in corporate issues that address the relation between business and society. This study intends to assess how the attitude of top managers towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is influenced by their cultural values. A field study with 158 Brazilian managers revealed a significant relationship between managerial concern for community and masculine personal values. Results also showed that more conservative managers tend to resist developing a sustained relationship with society, beyond the corporation core business. A scale for assessment of attitudes towards CSR was tested and main results were discussed.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En el origen del comportamiento empresarial están las decisiones individuales de los dirigentes, cuya comprensión solo es posible por medio del análisis de sus motivaciones y los factores que influencian y condicionan el juzgar humano. El sistema de valores y creencias del dirigente puede ser fundamental en la toma de decisiones sobre cuestiones que condicionen la relación entre la empresa y la sociedad. Por ese motivo este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar como la actitud de los dirigentes empresariales en relación a la Responsabilidad Social en la Empresas (RSE) es influenciada por sus valores culturales. En un análisis que se hizo con 158 gestores brasileños, fue identificada una importante relación entre la preocupación con la comunidad y los valores masculinos, contrastando la mayor resistencia al desarrollo de este lazos con la comunidad por parte de los gestores mas conservadores. Fue probada una escala para evaluación de la actitud sobre la RSE y exploradas las razones que pueden justificar los resultados encontrados.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Responsabilidade Social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Valores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social Responsibility]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Values]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Responsabilidad Social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Valores]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="left"><b>A influ&ecirc;ncia dos valores culturais na Responsabilidade    Social das Empresas: Um estudo emp&iacute;rico sobre a atitude dos gestores    brasileiros</b></p>     <p align="left"> <a name="top1" id="top1"></a>Filipe Almeida<sup><a href="#1">1</a></sup>    e Filipe Sobral<sup><a href="#2">2</a><a name="top2" id="top2"></a></sup></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>RESUMO: </b>Na origem do comportamento empresarial est&atilde;o decis&otilde;es    individuais dos dirigentes, cuja compreens&atilde;o plena s&oacute; &eacute;    poss&iacute;vel por meio da an&aacute;lise das suas motiva&ccedil;&otilde;es    e dos fatores que influenciam e condicionam o julgamento humano. O sistema de    valores e de cren&ccedil;as do dirigente pode ser determinante na tomada de    decis&otilde;es sobre quest&otilde;es que envolvam a rela&ccedil;&atilde;o da    empresa com a sociedade. Assim, este artigo pretende avaliar como a atitude    dos dirigentes empresariais perante a Responsabilidade Social das Empresas (RSE)    &eacute; influenciada pelos seus valores culturais. Numa pesquisa com 158 gestores    brasileiros, foi identificada uma rela&ccedil;&atilde;o significativa entre    a preocupa&ccedil;&atilde;o com a comunidade envolvente e os valores masculinos,    contrastando com a maior resist&ecirc;ncia ao desenvolvimento destes la&ccedil;os    com a comunidade por parte dos gestores mais conservadores. Foi testada uma    escala para avalia&ccedil;&atilde;o da atitude perante a RSE e exploradas as    raz&otilde;es que podem justificar os resultados encontrados.</p>     <p>Palavras-chave: Responsabilidade Social, Cultura, Valores</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><b>TITLE: </b>The influence of cultural values on Corporate Social    Responsibility: an empirical study of Brazilian managers&rsquo;attitudes</p>     <p> <b>ABSTRACT: </b>Corporate behavior is largely based on top managers&rsquo;    individual decisions, which can only be fully understood through comprehensive    analysis of the underlying factors that influence and shape human judgment.The    managers&rsquo; personal system of values and beliefs can play a decisive role    in corporate issues that address the relation between business and society.    This study intends to assess how the attitude of top managers towards Corporate    Social Responsibility (CSR) is influenced by their cultural values. A field    study with 158 Brazilian managers revealed a significant relationship between    managerial concern for community and masculine personal values. Results also    showed that more conservative managers tend to resist developing a sustained    relationship with society, beyond the corporation core business. A scale for    assessment of attitudes towards CSR was tested and main results were discussed.</p>     <p>Key words: Social Responsibility, Culture, Values</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>TITULO:</b> La influencia de los valores culturales en la Responsabilidad    Social de las Empresas &ndash; Un estudio emp&iacute;rico sobre la actitud de    los gestores brasile&ntilde;os</p>     <p> <b>RESUMEN:</b> En el origen del comportamiento empresarial est&aacute;n las    decisiones individuales de los dirigentes, cuya comprensi&oacute;n solo es posible    por medio del an&aacute;lisis de sus motivaciones y los factores que influencian    y condicionan el juzgar humano. El sistema de valores y creencias del dirigente    puede ser fundamental en la toma de decisiones sobre cuestiones que condicionen    la relaci&oacute;n entre la empresa y la sociedad. Por ese motivo este art&iacute;culo    tiene como objetivo evaluar como la actitud de los dirigentes empresariales    en relaci&oacute;n a la Responsabilidad Social en la Empresas (RSE) es influenciada    por sus valores culturales. En un an&aacute;lisis que se hizo con 158 gestores    brasile&ntilde;os, fue identificada una importante relaci&oacute;n entre la    preocupaci&oacute;n con la comunidad y los valores masculinos, contrastando    la mayor resistencia al desarrollo de este lazos con la comunidad por parte    de los gestores mas conservadores. Fue probada una escala para evaluaci&oacute;n    de la actitud sobre la RSE y exploradas las razones que pueden justificar los    resultados encontrados.</p>     <p>Palabras clave: Responsabilidad Social, Cultura, Valores</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p>Texto completo dispon&iacute;vel apenas em PDF.</p>     <p>Full text only available in PDF format.</p>     <blockquote>       <p>&nbsp;</p>   </blockquote>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><b>Refer&ecirc;ncias bibliogr&aacute;ficas</b></p>     <!-- ref --><p>   ACAR, W.; AUPPERLLE, K. e LOWY, R. (2001), &laquo;An empirical exploration of    measures of social responsibility across the spectrum of organizational types&raquo;.    The International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 9(1), pp. 26-57.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000024&pid=S1645-4464200700030000600001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></p>     <p>AJZEN, I. (1991), &laquo;The theory of planned behavior&raquo;. Organizational    Behavior &amp; Human Decision Processes, vol. 50(2), pp.179-211.</p>     <p>AUPPERLE, K.; CARROLL, A. e HATFIELD, J. (1985), &laquo;An empirical investigation    of the relationship between corporate social responsibility and profitability&raquo;.    Academy of Management Journal, vol.28, pp. 446-463.</p>     <p>BOWEN, H. (1953), Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. Harper &amp;    Row, Nova Iorque.</p>     <p>CARROLL, A. (1979), &laquo;Three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate    social performance&raquo;. Academy of Management Review, vol. 4, pp. 497-505.</p>     <p>CARROLL, A. (1991), &laquo;The pyramid of corporate social responsibility:    toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders&raquo;. Business    Horizons, vol. 34, pp. 39-48.</p>     <p>CARROLL, A. (1999), &laquo;Corporate social responsibility: evolution of a    definitional construct&raquo;. Business &amp; Society, vol. 38(3), pp. 268-295.</p>     <p>CLARKSON, M. (1995), &laquo;A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating    corporate social performance&raquo;. Academy of Management Review, vol. 20(1),    pp. 92-117.</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>DAVIS, K. (1960), &laquo;Can business afford to ignore social responsibilities?&raquo;.    California Management Review, vol. 2, pp. 70-76.</p>     <p>DAVIS, K. (1973), &laquo;The case for and against business assumption of social    responsibilities&raquo;. Academy of Management Journal, vol.16, pp. 312-322.</p>     <p>DIAMANTOPOULOS, A. e SIGUAW, J. (2000), Introducing LISREL. Sage, Londres.</p>     <p>DOLAN, S. et al.(2004), &laquo;Exploratory study of within-country differences    in work and life values. The case of Spanish business students&raquo;. International    Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, vol.4(2), pp. 157-180.</p>     <p>FISHBEIN, M. e AJZEN, I. (1975), Belief, Attitude, Intentionand Behavior: An    Introduction to Theory and Research.Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.</p>     <p>FRIEDMAN, M. (1962), Capitalism and Freedom. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.</p>     <p>GRIFFIN, J. (2000), &laquo;Corporate social performance: research directions    for the 21st Century&raquo;. Business &amp; Society, vol. 39(4), pp.479-491.</p>     <p>HALL, E. e HALL, M. (1990), Understanding Cultural Differences. Intercultural    Press, Yarmouth, ME.</p>     <p>HOFSTEDE, G. (1980), Culture&rsquo;s Consequences. SAGE Publications, Londres.</p>     <p>HOFSTEDE, G. (1991), Cultures and Organizations. Software of the Mind. McGraw-Hill    UK, Londres.</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>HOFSTEDE, G. e BOND, M. (1988), &laquo;The Confucius connection: from cultural    roots to economic growth&raquo;. Organizational Dynamics,vol. 16(4), pp. 4-21.</p>     <p>IPEA (2003), A Iniciativa Privada e o Esp&iacute;rito P&uacute;blico. Um Retrato    da A&ccedil;&atilde;o Social no Brasil. Anna Maria Peliano (coord.), IPEA (Instituto    de Pesquisa Econ&ocirc;mica Aplicada), Bras&iacute;lia.</p>     <p>MAIGNAN, I. e FERRELL (2000), &laquo;Measuring corporate citizenshipin two    countries: the case of United States and France&raquo;. Journal of Business    Ethics, vol. 23(3), pp. 283-297.</p>     <p>PINTO, M.; PEREIRA, D. e LARA, J. (2004), &laquo;Caracteriza&ccedil;&atilde;o    de perfis de empresas quanto &agrave; ado&ccedil;&atilde;o de pr&aacute;ticas    de Responsabilidade Social&raquo;. In XXVIII Encontro da Associa&ccedil;&atilde;o    Nacional de P&oacute;s-Gradua&ccedil;&atilde;o e Pesquisa em Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o,    Curitiba. Anais... ANPAD. CD-ROM, Rio de Janeiro.</p>     <p>ROBERTSON, C.; CRITTENDEN, W.; BRADY, M. e HOFFMAN, J.(2002), &laquo;Situational    ethics across borders: a multicultural examination&raquo;. Journal of Business    Ethics, vol. 38(4), pp. 327-338.</p>     <p> ROKEACH, M. (1973), The Nature of Human Values. TheFree Press, Nova Iorque.</p>     <p>SCHWARTZ, S. (1992), &laquo;Universals in the structure and content of values:    theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries&raquo;. In M. Zanna    (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, vol. 25, Academic Press,    Orlando, pp. 1-65.</p>     <p>SONDERGAARD, M. (1994), &laquo;Hofstede&rsquo;s consequences: a study of reviews,    citations and replications&raquo;. Organization Studies, vol.15(3), pp. 447-456.</p>     <p>SPECTOR, P. et al.(2002), &laquo;The pit falls of poor psychometric properties:    a rejoinder to Hofstede&rsquo;s reply to us&raquo;. Applied Psychology: An International    Review, vol. 52, pp. 174-178.</p>     <p>THOMAS, A. e SIMERLY, R. (1994), &laquo;The chief executive officer and corporate    social performance: an interdisciplinary examination&raquo;. Journal of Business    Ethics, vol. 13(12), pp. 959-968.</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>TRIANDIS, H.; BONTEMPO, R.; VILLAREAL, M.; ASAI, M. e LUCCA, N. (1988), &laquo;Individualism    and collectivism: cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships&raquo;.    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 54(2), pp. 323-338.</p>     <p>VERGARA, S.; SILVA, D. e GOMES, A. (2003), &laquo;Olga: a semeadora de gr&atilde;os    e de Responsabilidade Social na hist&oacute;ria do grupo Nova Am&eacute;rica&raquo;.    Organiza&ccedil;&atilde;o &amp; Sociedade. No prelo.</p>     <p>VITELL, S.; NWACHUKWU, S. e BARNES, J. (1993), &laquo;The effects of culture    on ethical decision-making: an application of Hofstede&rsquo;stypology&raquo;.    Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 12(10), pp. 753-760.</p>     <p>WAGNER, J. (1995), &laquo;Studies of Individualism-Collectivism: effects on    cooperation in groups&raquo;. Academy of Management Journal, vol. 38, pp. 152-172.</p>     <p>WARTICK, S. e COCHRAN, P. (1985), &laquo;The evolution of the corporate social    performance model&raquo;. Academy of Management Review, vol. 10, pp. 758-769.</p>     <p>WATSON, T. (2003), &laquo;Ethical choice in managerial work: the scope for    moral choices in an ethically irrational World&raquo;. Human Relations, vol.    56(2), pp. 167-185.</p>     <p>WOOD, D. (1991), &laquo;Corporate social performance revisited&raquo;. Academy    of Management Review, vol. 16(4), pp. 691-718.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><sup><a href="#top1">1</a></sup>Filipe Almeida<a name="1" id="1"></a></p>     <p> <a href="mailto:falmeida@fe.uc.pt">falmeida@fe.uc.pt</a></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Doutor em Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o pela EBAPE/FGV (Escola Brasileira de    Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o P&uacute;blica e de Empresas da Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o    Get&uacute;lio Vargas). Mestre em Ci&ecirc;nciasEmpresariais pela FEUC (Faculdade    de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra). Professor da Faculdade de Economia    da Universidade de Coimbra, em Coimbra, Portugal.</p>     <p>PhD in Management by EBAPE/FGV (Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration    of the Get&uacute;lio Vargas Foundation). Master in Business Science by FEUC    (Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra). Teacher at the Faculty    of Economics of the University of Coimbra, in Coimbra, Portugal. Master en Ciencias    Empresariales por la FEUC. </p>     <p>Doctor de la Escola Brasileira de Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o P&uacute;blica    e de Empresas de la Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o Get&uacute;lio Vargas. Profesorde    la Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra (FEUC), Coimbra, Portugal.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><sup><a name="2" id="2"></a><a href="#top2">2</a></sup>Filipe Sobral </p>     <p><a href="mailto:filipe.sobral@fgv.br">filipe.sobral@fgv.br</a></p>     <p>Doutor em Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o pela Escola Brasileira de Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o    P&uacute;blica e de Empresas da Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o Get&uacute;lio Vargas.    Mestre em Ci&ecirc;ncias Empresariais pela Faculdade de Economia da Universidade    de Coimbra. Professor da Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal    e da Escola Brasileira de Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o P&uacute;blica e de Empresas    da Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o Get&uacute;lio Vargas, Brasil.</p>     <p>PhD in Management at the Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration    of the Get&uacute;lio Vargas Foundation. Master in Business Sciences at the    Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra. Professor at the Faculty    of Economics of the University of Coimbra, Portugal and at the Brazilian School    of Public and Business Administration of the Get&uacute;lio Vargas Foundation,    Brazil. </p>     <p>Master en Ciencias Empresariales pela FEUC. Doctor de la Escola Brasileira    de Administra&ccedil;&atilde;o P&uacute;blica e de Empresas de la Funda&ccedil;&atilde;o    Get&uacute;lio Vargas. Profesor de la Faculdade de Economia da Universidade    de Coimbra (FEUC), Coimbra, Portugal.</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><i>Recebido em Junho de 2007 e aceite em Setembro de 2007.</i></p>     <p><i> Received in June 2007 and accepted in September 2007.</i></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ACAR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[AUPPERLLE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LOWY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[An empirical exploration of measures of social responsibility across the spectrum of organizational types]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The International Journal of Organizational Analysis]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>26-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
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</back>
</article>
