<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-9199</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais (R:I)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-9199</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPRI-UNL]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-91992022000100041</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23906/ri2022.73a04</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O bolsonarismo no Brasil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bolsonarism in Brazil]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Secco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lincoln]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de São Paulo Departamento de História ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Butantã São Paulo]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>73</numero>
<fpage>41</fpage>
<lpage>52</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-91992022000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-91992022000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-91992022000100041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A ascensão de Bolsonaro à presidência do Brasil em 2018 surpreendeu o establishment político, os acadêmicos e a imprensa. Embora a extrema-direita tivesse reaparecido com força em vários países, ninguém acreditava que uma figura do baixo clero do Congresso Nacional, adepto de teorias conspiratórias e defensor público da tortura, poderia ser eleito. Este artigo visa demonstrar que Bolsonaro não foi apenas um político bizarro que liderou um movimento sem raízes históricas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Bolsonaro&#8217;s ascension to the presidency of Brazil in 2018 came as a shockwave to the political establishment. Although the far-right had resurfaced and gained political ground in several countries around the globe, none came to expect such an extravagant member of the National Congress - a conspiracy theorist and an open supporter of torture - to ever be elected. This article intends to demonstrate that Bolsonaro was not merely a bizarre politician who led a nationwide movement devoid of historical background.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[populismo latino-americano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fascismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[extrema-direita]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ditadura Militar brasileira]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin American populism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fascism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[far-right wing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazilian Military Dictatorship]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[AVELAR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Idelber]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eles em Nós]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo-Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Record]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CALIL]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gilberto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Integralismo no Pós-Guerra: A Formação do PRP (1945-1950)]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PUC/RS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CARONE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A República Nova (1930--1937)]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Difel]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;ARAÚJO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Celina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CASTRO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celso]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ernesto Geisel]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Getúlio Vargas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[DIÁRIO da Câmara dos Deputados]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[DIÁRIO da Câmara Municipal do Rio de Janeiro]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>DIEESE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Implicações econômicas intersetoriais da operação Lava Jato]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DJUROVIC]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camila Alvarez]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Luta ideológica e mobilização do empresariado no pré-golpe de 1964: a ação editorial do ipês]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Maria Antonia - Boletim do Gmarx-USP]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>38</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DREIFUSS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[René]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[1964: A Conquista do Estado - Ação Política, Poder e Golpe de Classe]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrópolis, RJ ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DREIFUSS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[René]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Jogo da Direita]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrópolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Sarti]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GASPAR]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel Rocha]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A economia política da Lava Jato]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Operação Lava Jato: Crime, Devastação Econômica e Perseguição Política]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Expressão Popular]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOLDSTEIN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bolsonaro: la democracia de Brasil en peligro]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Marea editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[LESSA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A descoberta do Estado totalitário]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gazeta Mercantil]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>MINISTÉRIO do Exército</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relatório Periódico Mensal]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>MINISTÉRIO do Exército</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Segurança Interna - «Óbices à Ação das Polícias Militares»]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[O ESTADO de S. Paulo]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SANTOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wanderley G. dos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Democracia Impedida]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FGV editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TRINDADE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hélgio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Integralismo: O Fascismo Brasileiro da Década de 30]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<edition>2</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Difel/UFRGS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VASCONCELOS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cláudio Beserra de]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Trajetória Nacionalista dos Oficiais Cassados após o Golpe de 1964. Anais do XXVI Simpósio Nacional de História]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[VALOR Econômico]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
