<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-9199</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais (R:I)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-9199</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPRI-UNL]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-91992024000200011</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23906/ri2024.82a02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Cooperação em segurança e defesa cibernética e a proteção das democracias sul-americanas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cooperation in cyber security and cyber defense and the protection of South American democracies]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jéssica Maria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Danielle Jacon Ayres]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pagliari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Graciela de Conti]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Florianópolis ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Florianópolis ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Brasília  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Florianópolis ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>82</numero>
<fpage>11</fpage>
<lpage>27</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000200011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A última década mostrou à sociedade mundial - em especial a sociedade sul-americana - os grandes desafios aos quais as democracias estarão submetidas no século XXI. Entre as diversas ameaças observadas no ciberespaço estão as denominadas campanhas de desinformação e as interferências híbridas. Diante disso, esse novo meio digital de sociabilidade da informação tem provocado sérios danos aos pilares democráticos dos Estados, pois a desinformação e as informações falsas têm virado recurso no debate político. Isso posto, o artigo buscará analisar a construção de processos cooperativos na área de segurança e defesa cibernética entre os países sul-americanos entre 2012 e 2020 e seus efeitos na proteção da democracia e do Estado de direito. Defende-se que, devido à dinâmica transfronteiriça do mundo digital e do disseminado alcance de suas ações e consequências, a busca por uma solução a essas demandas perpassa um processo de aprofundamento da cooperação estatal no qual as estratégias de política externa dos Estados são fundamentais para a construção de uma resposta efetiva a esse tipo de ameaça à democracia em âmbito internacional. Nessa perspectiva, compreende-se a interdependência entre os Estados nessa esfera e adota-se uma concepção cooperativa para refletir sobre os obstáculos enfrentados pelos países sul-americanos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The last decade has shown the global society, especially South American society, the great challenges that democracies will face in the 21st century. Among the various threats observed in cyberspace are the so-called disinformation campaigns and hybrid interference. As a result, this new digital means of information socialization has caused serious damage to the democratic pillars of states, as disinformation and false information have become a feature of political debate. Based on this, the article seeks to analyze how South American countries are building cooperation in cybersecurity and cyber defense between 2012 and 2020, and what the implications are for the protection of democracy and the rule of law. It is argued that, due to the transnational dynamics of the digital world and the wide reach of its actions and consequences, the search for a solution to these demands goes through a process of deepening state cooperation, in which the foreign policy strategies of states are fundamental for building an effective response to this type of threat to democracy at the international level. From this perspective, we understand the interdependence between States in this sphere and adopt a cooperative conception to reflect on the obstacles South American countries face.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cibernética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[interferências híbridas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cooperação cibernética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybrid interference]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cyber cooperation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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