<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-9199</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais (R:I)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-9199</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPRI-UNL]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-91992024000400023</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23906/ri2024.sia03</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A lost cause?: Great Britain&#8217;s role in the Portuguese revolution, 1974-1975]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Óscar J. Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitat Politècnica de València  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Valencia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>esp2024</numero>
<fpage>23</fpage>
<lpage>36</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000400023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000400023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000400023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The British case has been one of the least explored in the growing literature on the international dimensions of regime change in Portugal. This article focuses on analyzing the Labour government&#8217;s foreign policy towards Portugal between April 1974 and November 1975. What was the British contribution to maintaining the international statu quo, stabilizing the political crisis in Portugal and anchoring the country in the Western community? To address these questions, the article investigates Britain&#8217;s role in channelling the Portuguese revolution in a liberal and Western direction, aligned with British geopolitical and economic interests.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O caso britânico tem sido um dos menos explorados na crescente literatura sobre as dimensões internacionais da mudança de regime em Portugal. Este artigo debruça-se sobre a análise da política externa do Governo trabalhista em relação a Portugal no período compreendido entre abril de 1974 e novembro de 1975. Qual foi a contribuição britânica para a manutenção do statu quo internacional, a estabilização da crise política em Portugal e a ancoragem deste país à comunidade ocidental? Para abordar estas questões, o artigo investiga o papel da Grã-Bretanha na canalização da revolução portuguesa numa direção liberal e ocidental, alinhada com os interesses geopolíticos e económicos britânicos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[democratization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[decolonization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Great Britain.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[democratização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[descolonização]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Grã-Bretanha.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[CALLAGHAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Time and Chance]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<page-range>360</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[William Collins]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COGGINS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Wilson and Rhodesia: UDI and British policy towards Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Contemporary British History]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<page-range>363-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[COOKE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simon]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Response of the Labour Government to the &#8220;Revolution of Carnations&#8221; in Portugal, 1974-76]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University College London]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DEL PERO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;Which Chile, Allende? Henry Kissinger and the Portuguese revolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cold War History]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>625-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DI NOLFO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ennio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Cold War and the transformation of the Mediterranean, 1960-1975]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Crisis and Détente]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>238-57</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FERREIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;O 25 de Abril no contexto internacional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>143-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[FONSECA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Federal Republic of Germany and the Portuguese transition to democracy (1974-1976)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of European Integration History]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GOMES]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bernardino]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SÁ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tiago Moreira de]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Carlucci vs. Kissinger. Os EUA e a Revolução Portuguesa]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Dom Quixote]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GRANADINO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Democratic Socialism or Social Democracy? The Influence of the British Labour Party and the Parti Socialiste Français in the Ideological Transformation of the Partido Socialista Português and the Partido Socialista Obrero Español in the mid-1970s]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European University Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[GRANADINO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;Between radical rhetoric and political moderation. The Portuguese PS and its international networks in the Carnation Revolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Austrian Journal of Historical Studies]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[HAMILTON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Keith]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SALMON]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patrick]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Documents on British Policy Overseas. The Southern Flank in Crisis]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Whitehall History Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACQUEEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norrie]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Decolonization of Portuguese Africa. Metropolitan Revolution and the Dissolution of Empire]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Longman]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MACQUEEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norrie]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Grocer meets Butcher: Marcello Caetano&#8217;s London visit of 1973 and the last days of Portugal&#8217;s Estado Novo&#8217;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cold War History]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>The Times</collab>
<source><![CDATA[MR CALLAGHAN ATTACKS critics of Dr Soares]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<page-range>4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MARAGKOU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Konstantina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Wilson government&#8217;s responses to the &#8220;rape of Greek democracy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Contemporary History]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>162-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os Despojos da Aliança: A Grã-Bretanha e a Questão Colonial Portuguesa, 1945-1975]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Tinta-da-china]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Generous Albion? Portuguese Anti-Salazarists in the United Kingdom, c. 1960-74]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Portuguese Studies]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>175-207</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[OLIVEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;Live and let live: Britain and Portugal&#8217;s imperial endgame (1945-75)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Portuguese Studies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>186-208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[PEDALIU]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Effie]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A sea of confusion: the Mediterranean and détente, 1969-1974]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diplomatic History]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>735-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SÁ]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tiago Moreira de]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Os Americanos na Revolução Portuguesa]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Notícias]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SABLOSKY]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juliet Antunes]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O PS e a Transição para a Democracia. Relações com os Partidos Socialistas Europeus]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Notícias]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[TEIXEIRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nuno S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;From Africa to Europe. Portugal and European integration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Columbia University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VARSORI]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crisis and stabilization in Southern Europe during the 1970s: Western strategies, European instruments]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of European Integration History]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>3-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[VICKERS]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rhiannon]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Labour Party and the World: Labour&#8217;s Foreign Policy since 1951]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Manchester ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Manchester University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
