<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-9199</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais (R:I)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relações Internacionais]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-9199</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPRI-UNL]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-91992024000500131</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23906/ri2024.84a09</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Afeganistão: da solidificação do regime talibã às possibilidades de reconciliação. Testemunhos da diáspora]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Afghanistan - from the solidification of the Taliban regime to the possibilities of reconciliation: testimonies from the diaspora]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexandre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,IPRI-NOVA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>84</numero>
<fpage>131</fpage>
<lpage>149</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000500131&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000500131&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-91992024000500131&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Que Afeganistão temos hoje, mais de três anos após o regresso dos talibãs ao poder? De que forma se materializa o que aparenta ser uma solidificação do regime? Qual o papel e impacto das sanções internacionais sobre as autoridades locais ilegítimas e sobre a população? Este artigo procura dar um conjunto de respostas possíveis a estas questões, considerando a realidade política e socioeconómica afegã, com base nos instrumentos documentais disponíveis e centrando o texto em testemunhos em primeira mão, a partir de entrevistas com afegãos na diáspora. Procura-se igualmente problematizar a viabilidade de um diálogo intra-afegão, como possibilidade de abertura de um processo de reconciliação nacional, que liberte o Afeganistão das amarras do parcial isolamento internacional e da crise humanitária profunda em que se encontra.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract What is Afghanistan like today, more than three years after the Taliban&#8217;s return to power? How does the regime seem to be consolidating? What is the role and impact of international sanctions on illegitimate local authorities and the population? This article seeks to provide a set of possible answers to these questions, considering Afghanistan&#8217;s political and socio-economic reality, based on available documentary instruments and focusing the text on first-hand testimonies based on interviews with Afghans in the diaspora. It also seeks to problematize the viability of an intra-Afghan dialogue as a possibility for opening a process of national reconciliation that would free Afghanistan from the constraints of partial international isolation and the deep humanitarian crisis that the country faces.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[talibãs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[diáspora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[reconciliação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Afghanistan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Taliban]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diaspora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reconciliation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«AFGHANISTAN: NO future without women&#8217;s participation»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UN News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«AFGHANISTAN&#8217;S BRAIN drain continues as job security, education prospects fade»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Arab News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«AFGHANISTAN: 20 YEARS of steady education progress &#8220;almost wiped out&#8221;»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UN News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ALEXANDRE]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Breve História do Afeganistão de A a Z]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina do Livro]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[BERGEN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[«Leader of Afghanistan&#8217;s resistance movement says he will defeat the Taliban &#8220;no matter the odds&#8221;»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CNN Politics]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«INDIA&#8217;S LEAP of faith in Afghanistan: tango with the Taliban»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Diplomat]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MISHRA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vibhu]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[«Rise in Afghan opium cultivation reflects economic hardship, despite Taliban ban»]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«RESOLVE OF Afghan women in the face of erasure: three years since the Taliban takeover»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Relief Web]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«RUSSIA-AFGHANISTAN relations in the aftermath of the Moscow attack»]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brookings]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[SEERAT]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rustam Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[«China navigates a new Afghanistan with the Taliban as its rulers»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Freedom]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«THE AZADI briefing: what will Trump&#8217;s election victory mean for Afghanistan?»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«THE FUTURE of assistance for Afghanistan: a dilemma»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CSIS - Center for Strategic and International Studies]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«THE ISLAMIC State in Khorasan province: exploiting a counterterrorism gap»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CSIS - Center for Strategic and International Studies]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[«UN PUSHES for inclusive future in Afghanistan at Doha talks»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UN News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[ZAMAN]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sarah]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[«UN talks in Doha end; recognition remains distant dream for Taliban»]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[VOA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
