<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1645-9911</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tékhne - Revista de Estudos Politécnicos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tékhne]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1645-9911</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico do  Cávado e do Ave]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1645-99112006000100012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of health spa customers’ expectations and perceptions: The case of Spanish establishments]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mª Elisa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rufín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ramón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Vigo Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Department of Business and Marketing Studies]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Spanish University of Distance Learning (UNED) Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Department of Business Studies]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<fpage>245</fpage>
<lpage>262</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1645-99112006000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1645-99112006000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1645-99112006000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Although there are many definitions for service quality, the most commonly accepted models in the marketing field are focused on meeting consumer needs and requirements, as well as on deciding whether the service offered meets customers’ expectations. This research focuses upon the analysis of the above elements in the specific case of health spa customers, a market of the tourism industry where very few studies have been carried over until now. The criteria used by customers when rating the quality of this tourist service were analysed, and the perceived service quality according to those criteria was measured. The differences between the so-called private customers and the people who visit spas as part of a social security program (subsidized customers) -a relevant and specific issue of the market under study- were also investigated.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Health Spa Tourism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Consumer Behaviour]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Perceived Service Quality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="center"><b>Analysis of health spa customers’ expectations and perceptions:    The case of Spanish establishments</b></p>      <P>&nbsp;</P>      <p align="center">Mª Elisa Alén<sup><a href="#1">*</a><a name="top1"></a></sup>;    José Antonio Fraiz<sup><a href="#2">**</a><a name="top2"></a></sup>; Ramón Rufín<sup><a href="#3">***</a><a name="top3"></a></sup></p>      <P>&nbsp;</P>       <p align="center"><a href="mailto:alen@uvigo.es">alen@uvigo.es</a>; <a href="mailto:jafraiz@uvigo.es">jafraiz@uvigo.es</a>;    <a href="mailto:rrufin@cee.uned.es">rrufin@cee.uned.es</a></p>      <P>&nbsp;</P>      <p align="justify"><b>Abstract.</b> Although there are many definitions for service    quality, the most commonly accepted models in the marketing field are focused    on meeting consumer needs and requirements, as well as on deciding whether the    service offered meets customers&#8217; expectations. This research focuses upon    the analysis of the above elements in the specific case of health spa customers,    a market of the tourism industry where very few studies have been carried over    until now. The criteria used by customers when rating the quality of this tourist    service were analysed, and the perceived service quality according to those    criteria was measured. The differences between the so-called private customers    and the people who visit spas as part of a social security program (subsidized    customers) &#8211;a relevant and specific issue of the market under study- were    also investigated.</p>     <p align="justify"><b>Keywords:</b> Health Spa Tourism; Consumer Behaviour; Perceived    Service Quality</p>      <P>&nbsp;</P>      <P>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>Full text only available in PDF format.</P>      <P>&nbsp;</P>      <p><b>References</b></p>      <!-- ref --><p>Andreu, L.; Bign&eacute;, J.E.; and Cooper, C. (2000), &#8220;Projected and    Perceived Image of Spain as a Tourist Destination for British Travellers&#8221;,    Journal of Travel &amp; Tourism Marketing, Vol 9, No 4, pp 47-67.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000016&pid=S1645-9911200600010001200001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p>Babbie, E. (1995), The practice of social research, Wadsworth Publishing Company,    New York.</p>      <p>Campos-Soria, J. A.; Gonzalez Garc&iacute;a, L.; and Ropero Garc&iacute;a,    M. A. (2005), &#8220;Service Quality and Competitiveness in the Hospitality    Sector&#8221;, Tourism Economics, Vol 11, No 1, pp 85-102.</p>      <p>Carman, J.M. (1990), &#8220;Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality: An Assessment    of the SERVQUAL Dimensions&#8221;, Journal of Retailing, Vol 66, No 1, pp 33-55.</p>      <p>Casino Mart&iacute;nez, A. (1999), &#8220;Medici&oacute;n de la calidad de    servicio. Una aplicaci&oacute;n a los establecimientos de alojamiento tur&iacute;stico&#8221;,    In Turismo: Organizaci&oacute;n administrativa, calidad de servicios y competitividad    empresarial, I Congreso Universitario de Turismo (pp 637-654), held at University    of Valencia, Spain.</p>      <p>Churchill, G. (1979), &#8220;A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing    Constructs&#8221;, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol 16, pp 64-73.</p>      <p>Cronin, J.; Taylor, S. (1992), &#8220;Measuring service quality: a re-examination    and extension&#8221;, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 56, No 3, pp. 55-68.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>D&iacute;az Mart&iacute;n, A. M.; V&aacute;zquez Casielles, R. (1997), &#8220;Evaluaci&oacute;n    de la calidad de servicios tur&iacute;sticos: an&aacute;lisis comparativo de    escalas de medida alternativas&#8221;, In Actas del IX Encuentro de Profesores    Universitarios de Marketing (pp 137-152), held at University of. Murcia, Spain.</p>      <p>Duke, Ch. R.; Persia, M. A. (1996), &#8220;Consumer-Defined Dimensions for    the Escorted Tour Industry Segment: Expectations, Satisfactions, and Importance.    Recent advances in tourism marketing research&#8221;. Journal of Travel &amp;    Tourism Marketing, Vol 5, No 1/2 &amp; 3, pp 77-99.</p>      <p>Falces Delgado, C.; Sierra Diez, B.; Becerra Grande, AL; Bri&ntilde;ol Turnes,    P. (1999), &#8220;HOTELQUAL: Una escala para medir la calidad percibida en servicios    de alojamiento&#8221;, Estudios Tur&iacute;sticos, No 139, pp 95-110</p>      <p>.Frochot, I.; Hughes, H. (2000), HISTOQUAL, &#8220;The development of a historic    houses assessment scale&#8221;, Tourism Management, Vol 21, pp 157-167.</p>      <p>George, D.; Mallery, P. (1995), SPSS/Pc + Step by Step: A simple guide and    reference, Wadsworth Publishing Company, New York.</p>      <p>Getty, J.M.; Thompson, K.N. (1994), &#8220;The relationship between quality,    satisfaction, and recommending behaviour in lodging decisions&#8221;, Journal    of Hospitality &amp; Leisure Marketing, Vol 2, No 3, pp 3-22.</p>      <p>Hambrick, D.C. (1981), &#8220;Specialization of environmental scanning activities    among upper level executives&#8221;, Journal of Management Studies, Vol 18,    pp 114-129.</p>      <p>Khan, M. (2003), &#8220;ECOSERV. Ecotourists&#8217; quality expectations&#8221;,    Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 30, No 1, pp 109-124.</p>      <p>Knutson, B.; Stevens, P.; Wullaert, C.; Patton, M.; Yokoyama, F. (1990), &#8220;LODGSERV:    A service quality index for the lodging industry&#8221;, Hospitality Research    Journal, Vol 14, No 2, pp 277-284.</p>      <p>Lindqvist, L.J. and Bjork, Peter (2000), &#8220;Perceived Safety as an Important    Quality Dimension among Senior Tourists&#8221;, Tourism Economics, Vol 6, No    2, pp 151-58.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>L&oacute;pez Fern&aacute;ndez, M.C.; Serrano Bed&iacute;a, A.M. (2003), &#8220;Medici&oacute;n    de la calidad de servicio en hoteles: Comparaci&oacute;n oferta demanda&#8221;,    Revista Europea de Direcci&oacute;n y Econom&iacute;a de la Empresa, Vol 12,    No 1, pp 69-82.</p>      <p>Luque Mart&iacute;nez, T. (2000), T&eacute;cnicas de an&aacute;lisis de datos    en investigaci&oacute;n de mercados. Pir&aacute;mide, Madrid.</p>      <p>Parasunaman, A.; Zeithaml, V.; Berry, L. (1988), &#8220;SERVQUAL: A Multiple-Item    Scale for Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Service Quality&#8221;, Journal    of Retailing, Vol 64, No 1, pp 12-40.</p>      <p>Parasunaman, A.; Zeithaml, V.; Berry, L. (1991), &#8220;Refinement and Reassessment    of the SERVQUAL Scale&#8221;, Journal of Retailing, Vol 67, No 4, pp 420-450.</p>      <p>Peterson, R.A. (1994), &#8220;A Meta-Analisys of Cronbach&#8217;s Coefficient    Alpha&#8221;, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol 21, pp 381-391.</p>      <p>Sarabia, F.J. (1999), Metodolog&iacute;a para la Investigaci&oacute;n en Marketing    y Administraci&oacute;n de Empresas, Pir&aacute;mide, Madrid.</p>      <p>Skalpe, Ole; Sandvik, Kare, (2002), &#8220;The Economics of Quality in the    Hotel Business&#8221;, Tourism Economics, Vol 8, No 4, pp 361-76.</p>      <p>Snoj, B. (1995), &#8220;The Profiles of Importance of Service Quality Components    in Health Spas&#8221;, Der Markt, Vol 34, No 2, pp 95-104.</p>      <p>Snoj, B.; Mumel, D. (2002), &#8220;The Measurement of Perceived Differences    in Service Quality-The Case of Health Spas in Slovenia&#8221;, Journal of Vacation    Marketing, Vol 8, No 4, pp 362-379.</p>      <p>V&aacute;zquez Casielles, R.; D&iacute;az Mart&iacute;n, A. (1999), &#8220;Calidad    y turismo rural&#8221;, In Turismo: Organizaci&oacute;n administrativa, calidad    de servicios y competitividad empresarial, I Congreso Universitario de Turismo    (pp 513-546), held at University of Valencia, Spain.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>&nbsp;</P>      <p><sup><a href="#top1">*</a><a name="1"></a></sup> Department of Business and    Marketing Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. Universidad    de Vigo</p>      <p><sup><a href="#top2">**</a><a name="2"></a></sup> Department of Business and    Marketing Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. Universidad    de Vigo</p>      <p><sup><a href="#top3">***</a><a name="3"></a></sup> Department of Business Studies.    Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. Spanish University of Distance    Learning (UNED)    <br>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bigné]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Projected and Perceived Image of Spain as a Tourist Destination for British Travellers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>47-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
