<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1646-107X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Motricidade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Motri.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1646-107X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edições Desafio Singular]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1646-107X2007000100005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Caracterização dos niveis de ansiedade em praticantes de atletismo: Níveis de Ansiedade no Atletismo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Characterization of anxiety levels among track and field athletes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasconcelos-Raposo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lázaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carla]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hélder M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro Centro e Estudos em Desenvolvimento Humano, Actividade Física e Saúde ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>298</fpage>
<lpage>314</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000100005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Com este estudo pretendemos caracterizar os níveis de ansiedade dos lançadores e saltadores iniciados e juvenis portugueses. A amostra foi constituída por 147 atletas (89 masculinos e 58 femininos). Foram subdivididos em grupos de acordo com as variáveis independentes a serem testadas, nomeadamente: escalão (61 iniciados e 86 juvenis), especialidade (78 saltos e 69 lançamentos), top ten (17 masculinos e 26 femininos). Para os propósitos do estudo utilizámos o Questionário de Auto-avaliação (CSAI-2) e o ICPC. Os procedimentos estatísticos foram: cálculos de frequências e o coeficiente de correlação Produto - momento de Pearson. No geral, os resultados tendem confirmar os encontrados nos estudos de referência e sugerem que o ICPC, se utilizado de forma sistemática, é bom instrumento para os treinadores aprofundarem os seus conhecimentos sobre os atletas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The purpose of this study was to characterize the levels of anxiety among young track and field athletes. The sample consisted of 147 athletes (89 males and 58 females). These were divided according to the independent variables defined for the present study, namely: competitive age-group, sport and ranking. The4 instruments used were the CSAI-2 and ICPC. The statistical procedures used were the descriptive and correlation techniques. In general the results confirmed those obtained in prior studies. The results further suggested that the systematic use of the ICPC by coaches may be an adequate way to better know the athletes they work with.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ansiedade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comportamentos pré-competitivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[CSAI-2 e Inventário de Comportamentos Pré-competitivos (ICPC)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pre-competitive behaviour]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CSAI-2 and Inventory of Pre-competitive Behaviours (ICPC)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p ><b>Caracterização      dos niveis de ansiedade em praticantes de atletismo</b></p>         <p >&nbsp;<b>Níveis de Ansiedade no Atletismo</b></p>     <p >José Vasconcelos-Raposo</p>         <p >João P. Lázaro</p>       <p >Carla Teixeira</p>       <p >Maria P. Mota</p>        <p >Hélder M. Fernandes</p>     <p >&nbsp;</p>        <p>Centro e Estudos em Desenvolvimento Humano,      Actividade Física e Saúde, da Universidade de Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro,      Vila Real, Portugal.</p>       <p >&nbsp;</p>        ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p ><B>RESUMO</B></p>      <p align="justify" >Com este estudo pretendemos caracterizar os níveis de ansiedade    dos lançadores e saltadores iniciados e juvenis portugueses. A amostra foi constituída    por 147 atletas (89 masculinos e 58 femininos). Foram subdivididos em grupos    de acordo com as variáveis independentes a serem testadas, nomeadamente: escalão    (61 iniciados e 86 juvenis), especialidade (78 saltos e 69 lançamentos), top    ten (17 masculinos e 26 femininos). Para os propósitos do estudo utilizámos    o Questionário de Auto-avaliação (CSAI-2) e o ICPC. Os procedimentos estatísticos    foram: cálculos de frequências e o coeficiente de correlação Produto – momento    de Pearson. No geral, os resultados tendem confirmar os encontrados nos estudos    de referência e sugerem que o ICPC, se utilizado de forma sistemática, é bom    instrumento para os treinadores aprofundarem os seus conhecimentos sobre os    atletas.</p>         <p ><b >Palavras-chave</b>: ansiedade, comportamentos pré-competitivos, CSAI-2    e Inventário de Comportamentos Pré-competitivos (ICPC)</p>      <p >&nbsp;</p>      <p ><b>Characterization of anxiety levels among track and field athletes</b></p>     <p ><B>ABSTRACT</B></p>      <p align="justify" >The purpose of this study was to characterize the levels of    anxiety among young track and field athletes. The sample consisted of 147 athletes    (89 males and 58 females). These were divided according to the independent variables    defined for the present study, namely: competitive age-group, sport and ranking.    The4 instruments used were the CSAI-2 and ICPC. The statistical procedures used    were the descriptive and correlation techniques. In general the results confirmed    those obtained in prior studies. The results further suggested that the systematic    use of the ICPC by coaches may be an adequate way to better know the athletes    they work with.</p>         <p ><b >Key-words</b>: anxiety, pre-competitive behaviour, CSAI-2 and Inventory    of Pre-competitive Behaviours (ICPC)</p>      <p >&nbsp;</p>         <p>Texto Completo disponível apenas em PDF </p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p>Full text only available in PDF</p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><B>REFERÊNCIAS</B></p>     <!-- ref --><p >1 Bleak JL, Frederick CM. (1998). Superstition behavior in sport: levels of effectiveness and determinants of use in three collegiate sports. <i>J Sport Behavior.</i> 21(1):1-5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000026&pid=S1646-107X200700010000500001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><p >2 Bucker J. (1975). Superstition in sport. <i>Int J Sport Psychol</i>. 6(3):148-152.</p>      <p >3 Buhrmann HG, Brown B, Zaugg M. (1982). Superstitious beliefs and behavior. A comparison of male and female basketball players. <i>J Sport Behavior.</i> 4:175-185.</p>      <p >4 Cohn PJ. (1990). Preperformance routines in sport: Theoretical support and practical applications. <i>Sport Psychol</i>. 4:301-312.</p>      <p >5 Cox RH. (1990). <i>Sport psychology: Concepts of applications</i>. (2 ed.). Dubuque: Wm C. Brown.</p>      <p >6 Cruz J. (1996). <i>Stresse, ansiedade e competências psicológicas nos atletas de elite e de alta competição: um estudo da sua relação e impacto no rendimento e no sucesso desportivo</i>. Braga: Centro de estudos em Educação e Psicologia. Universidade do Minho.</p>      <p >7 Eklund RC, Gould D, Jackson SA. (1993). Psychological foudations of Olympic wresting excellence: Reconciling individual differences and nomothetic characterization. <i>J Appl Sport Psychol.</i> 5:35-47.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p >8 Ferraz PC, Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (in press). <i>Identificação dos comportamentos pré-competitivos em jovens nadadores</i>. Vila Real: SDE- UTAD. </p>      <p >9 Gregory CJ. (1979) Taking advantage of a “lucky” situation. <i>Coaching Review</i>. 2(7):32-39.</p>      <p >10 Gregory J, Petrie B. (1975) Superstition of Canadian intercollegiate athletes: An inter-sport comparison. <i>Int Rev Sport Soc</i>. 10:59-68.</p>      <p >11 Hall MK, Kerr A, Mathews J. (1998) Precompetitive anxiety in sport: The contribution of achievement goals and perceptionism. <i>J Sport Exerc Psychol</i>. 20(2):194.</p>      <p >12 Hogg J. (1995) <i>Mental Skills for swim coaches. A coaching text on the psychologycal aspects of competitive swimming</i>. Canada: Sport Excel Publishing.</p>      <p >13 Jones G, Hanton S, Swain AB. (1994) Intensity and interpretation of anxiety symptoms in elite and non-elite sports performers. <i>Person and Ind Differ</i>. 17:657-663.</p>      <p >14 Keating J, Hogg J. (1995) Precompetitive preparation in professional hockey. <i>J Sport Psychol</i>. 18(4):270-286.</p>      <p >15 Martens R. (1987) <i>Coaches guide to sport psychology</i>. Champaign: Human Kinetics.</p>      <p >16 Martens R, Vealey RS, Burton D. (Eds.) (1990). <i>Competitive anxiety in sport</i>. Champaign: human Kinetics.</p>      <p >17 Neil G, Anderson R, Sheppard W. (1981) Superstitions among male and female athletes at various levels of involvement. <i>J Sport Behavior.</i> 4(3):137-148.</p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p >18 Orlick T. (1980) <i>In pursuit of excellence-how to win sport and life through mental training</i>. Champaing: Human Kinetics.</p>      <p >19 Ravizza K, Osborne T. (1991) Nebraska’s 3-R’s: One-play-at-a-time preperformance routine for collegiate football. <i>Sport Psychol</i>. 5:256-265.</p>      <p >20 Ryska TA. (1993) Coping styles and response disfontion on self-report inventories among high school athletes. <i>J Psychol</i>. 127(4):409-449.</p>      <p >21 Ryska TA. (1998) Cognitive behavioral strategies and frre-competitive anxiety among recreational atheletes. <i>Psychol Rev</i>. 48(4):697-705.</p>      <p >22 Rushall B. (1979) <i>The psychological preparation for serious competition in sport</i>. London: Pelham Books. </p>      <p >23 Rushall B. (1983) On-site psychological preparation for athletes. <i>Mental training for coaches and athletes</i>. Alberta: The coaching Association of Canada (p. 140 – 149).</p>      <p >24 Schmid A, Peper E. (1986) Techniques for training concentration. In: Williams J (Ed). <i>Applied sport psychology: personal growth to peak performance</i>. Mayfield: Publishing Company Mountain View (p. 271 – 284).</p>      <p >25 Sewell D, Edmondson A. (1996) Relationships between field position and pre-mach competitive state anxiety in soccer and field hockey. <i>Int J Sport Psychol</i>. 27(2):159–172.</p>      <p >26 Sherman CA. (1988) Superstitions and you: The vulnerable athlete. <i>Modern Athlete and Coach</i>, Oct.,7-10.</p>      <p >27 Teixeira C, Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (1997) <i>Ansiedade cognitiva, somática e autoconfiança em nadadores</i>. (Monografia de Graduação). Vila Real: UTAD. </p>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p >28 Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (1993) <i>Os factores psico-socio-culturais que influenciam e determinam a busca pela excelência pelos atletas de elite portugueses</i>. Tese de doutoramento. Vila Real: UTAD-SDE.</p>      <p >29 Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (1994a) <i>Explorando os limites do conceito de ansiedade no desporto</i>. (Comunicação apresentada) Zamora: Congresso Internacional de Treinadores de Natação.</p>      <p >30 Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (1994b) <i>Manual de treino mental: Natação</i>. Vila Real: UTAD.</p>      <p >31 Vasconcelos-Raposo J. (1995) Motivação para a competição e treino – o caso das selecções portuguesas de natação<i>. Rev Natação. </i>27:3-19.</p>      <p >32 Viana F, Cruz J. (1996) Autoconfiança e o rendimento na competição desportiva. In: Cruz J (Ed.) <i>Manual de psicologia do desporto</i>. Braga: Lusografe (p. 265 – 286). </p>      <p >33 Williams J. (1986) <i>Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance</i>. Palo Alto: Mayfield.</p>         <p >34 Williams J. (1996) <i>Psicologia aplicada al deporte</i>. Madrid: Biblioteca    Nueva. </p>     <p >&nbsp; </p>       <p >Data de submissão: Novembro 2006</p>        <p >Data de Aceite: Janeiro 2007</p>       ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p >&nbsp;</p>        <p ><strong>Correspondência:</strong></p>     <p >José Jacinto Vasconcelos Raposo</p>     <p >Universidade de Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro – UTAD</p>     <p >Dep. Educação e Psicologia, Apartado 1013, 5000</p>     <p >Vila Real, Portugal.</p>       <p ><b><a href="mailto:j.vasconcelos.raposo@gmail.com">j.vasconcelos.raposo@gmail.com</a></b></p>       <p ></p>      <p >&nbsp;</p>         ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bleak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frederick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
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</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Superstition behavior in sport: levels of effectiveness and determinants of use in three collegiate sports]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Sport Behavior]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
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</back>
</article>
