<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1646-107X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Motricidade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Motri.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1646-107X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edições Desafio Singular]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1646-107X2007000200008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Electroestimulação e Exercitação Aeróbia em cicloergómetro: Metodologias por superimposição e sua influência sobre o Vo2máx.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Combined intervention of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and cycling exercise in Maximal Oxygen Intake Output]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ângelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rui]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mourão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Superior da Maia Laboratório do Movimento Humano ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>20</fpage>
<lpage>36</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1646-107X2007000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Ao longo do presente estudo procuramos analisar os efeitos subjacentes à utilização de metodologias combinadas de treino, consistentes na associação de electroestimulação com uma tipologia específica de exercitação aeróbia em cicloergómetro. Procuramos assim determinar a sua influência sobre a potência máxima aeróbia. A amostra foi constituída por 12 sujeitos, subsequentemente divididos aleatoriamente por 2 grupos. O processo de treino desenrolou-se ao longo de 4 semanas, nas quais os mesmos efectuaram 4 sessões de treino semanal com a duração de 50 minutos, sendo que para um dos grupos em 3 das sessões era acrescentado um protocolo simultâneo de electroestimulação. Para a determinação específica da potência máxima aeróbia foi seleccionado um teste máximo por patamares para cicloergómetro. Verificamos que apenas o grupo assistido por electroestimulação apresentou uma evolução estatisticamente significativa sobre o VO2máx (13,1%; p=0,01; p<0,05) quando em comparação com o grupo de controlo (11,3%; p=0,06; p<0,05) relativamente à diferença pré-pós teste. Podemos concluir que a utilização de electroestimulação em simultâneo com uma exercitação de carácter cíclico irá aparentemente promover uma superior eficiência evolutiva sobre VO2Máx, proporcionando a obtenção de resultados significativos em intervalos de tempo comparativamente inferiores àqueles promovidos pelas metodologias convencionais de exercitação aeróbia com ênfase cardiovascular.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The main purpose of our study was to test the direct effect of using combined electrical muscle stimulation with endurance cycling exercises over the maximal oxygen intake factor. We used a sample of 12 subjects, subsequently split into to different groups of 6. All subjects were participants in a four week, four times per week, 50 minute cycling training protocol. One group was also subjected to a simultaneous electrical muscle stimulation protocol on three of the training sessions. To assess maximal aerobic power output we used a maximal cycle-ergometer test with step by step load increases. Our results demonstrated that the muscle stimulation assisted group revealed a statistically significant Vo2máx increase, as well as a higher physical fitness development when comparing within group heart rate evolution. However, between group difference was not significant. We may thus conclude that combined training methodologies may contribute to a faster and more effective goal achievement when regarding VO2máx variables.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Electroestimulação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vo2máx]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cicloergómetro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Maximal Oxygen Intake]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cycling exercise]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P><B>Electroestimulação e Exercitação Aeróbia em cicloergómetro – Metodologias    por superimposição e sua influência sobre o Vo2máx.</B></P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Rui Ângelo</B></P>     <P><B>Paulo Mourão</B></P>     <P><B>Alberto Carvalho</B></P>     <P><B>Carlos Carvalho</B></P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>Laboratório do Movimento Humano</P>     <P>Instituto Superior da Maia</P>     <P>Portugal.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Resumo</B></P>     <P>Ao longo do presente estudo procuramos analisar os efeitos subjacentes à  utilização de metodologias combinadas de treino, consistentes na associação de  electroestimulação com uma tipologia específica de exercitação aeróbia em  cicloergómetro. Procuramos assim determinar a sua influência sobre a potência  máxima aeróbia. A amostra foi constituída por 12 sujeitos, subsequentemente  divididos aleatoriamente por 2 grupos.<B> </B>O processo de treino desenrolou-se  ao longo de 4 semanas, nas quais os mesmos efectuaram 4 sessões de treino  semanal com a duração de 50 minutos, sendo que para um dos grupos em 3 das  sessões era acrescentado um protocolo simultâneo de electroestimulação. Para a  determinação específica da potência máxima aeróbia foi seleccionado um teste  máximo por patamares para cicloergómetro. Verificamos que apenas o grupo  assistido por electroestimulação apresentou uma evolução estatisticamente  significativa sobre o VO2máx (13,1%; p=0,01; p&lt;0,05) quando em comparação com  o grupo de controlo (11,3%; p=0,06; p&lt;0,05) relativamente à diferença pré-pós  teste. Podemos concluir que a utilização de electroestimulação em simultâneo com  uma exercitação de carácter cíclico irá aparentemente promover uma superior  eficiência evolutiva sobre VO2Máx, proporcionando a obtenção de resultados  significativos em intervalos de tempo comparativamente inferiores àqueles  promovidos pelas metodologias convencionais de exercitação aeróbia com ênfase  cardiovascular.</P>     <P><B>Palavras-Chave:</B> Electroestimulação, Vo2máx, Cicloergómetro. </P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Combined intervention of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and cycling  exercise in Maximal Oxygen Intake Output.</B> </P>     <P><B>Abstract</B></P>     <P>The main purpose of our study was to test the direct effect of using combined  electrical muscle stimulation with endurance cycling exercises over the maximal  oxygen intake factor. We used a sample of 12 subjects, subsequently split into  to different groups of 6. All subjects were participants in a four week, four  times per week, 50 minute cycling training protocol. One group was also  subjected to a simultaneous electrical muscle stimulation protocol on three of  the training sessions. To assess maximal aerobic power output we used a maximal  cycle-ergometer test with step by step load increases. Our results demonstrated  that the muscle stimulation assisted group revealed a statistically significant  Vo2máx increase, as well as a higher physical fitness development when comparing  within group heart rate evolution. However, between group difference was not  significant. We may thus conclude that combined training methodologies may  contribute to a faster and more effective goal achievement when regarding  VO<SUB>2</SUB>máx variables.</P>     <P><B></B><B>Keywords:</B> Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation, Maximal Oxygen    Intake, Cycling exercise</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF </P>     <P>Full text only available in PDF</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B></B>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Referências</B></P>     <P><B></B>&nbsp;</P>     <!-- ref --><P>1. Astrand PO, Rodahl K (1980): <I>Manuel de physiologie de l'exercice  physique</I>. Paris: Ed. Masson. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=000030&pid=S1646-107X200700020000800001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><P>2. Baum B, LiLi N. (2003): Lower Extremity Muscle Activities During Cycling  are Influenced by Load and Frequency, <I>J Electrom Kines.</I> 13:181-190.</P>     <P>3. Blair S, Jackson A (2001): Physical Fitness and Activity as Separate Heart  Disease Risk Factors: a Meta-analysis, <I>Med Sci Sport Exerc.  </I>33(5):762-764.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>4. Boschetti&nbsp; G (2002): <I>Qué es la electroestimulación? </I><I>Teoria,  práctica e metodologia de entrenamiento.</I> Barcelona: Editorial  Paidotribo.</P>     <P>5. Bouchard C, Shephard R, Stevens T (1994): <I>Physical Activity, Fitness  and Health - International Proceedings and Consensus Statement</I>, Champaign:  Human Kinetics Publishers</P>     <P>6. Bressel E, Heise D, Bachman G (1998): A Neuromuscular and Metabolic  Comparison Between Forward and Reverse Pedaling, <I>J Appl Biomec.</I> 14:  401-411.</P>     <P>7. Brooks G, Fahey T, White T, Baldwin K (1999): <I>Exercise physiology –  Human Bioenergetics and its application.</I> Boston: McGraw Hill.</P>     <P>8. Brown M, Jeal S, Bryant J, Gamble J (2001): Modifications of Microvascular  Filtration Capacity in Human Limbs by Training and Electrical Stimulation.  <I>Acta Physiol Scand. </I>173: 359-368.</P>     <P>9. Caldwell G, Hagberg J, McCole S, LiLi N (1999): Lower Extremity Joint  Moments During Uphill Cycling, <I>J Appl Biomec.</I> 15:166-181.</P>     <P>10. Chilibek P, Bell G, Jeon J, Weiss C, Murdoch G, MacLean I, Ryan E,  Burnham R (1999): Functional Electric Stimulation Exercise Increases GLUT-1 and  GLUT-4 in Paralyzed Skeletal Muscle. <I>Metabolism.</I> 48(11): 1409-1413.</P>     <P>11. Chou l, Ding J, Wexler A, Binder-McLoud S (2005): Predicting Optimal  Electrical Stimulation For Repetitive Human Muscle Activation, <I>J Electrom  Kines.</I> 15: 300-309.</P>     <P>12. Cometti G (2000): <I>Los Métodos Modernos de Musculación.</I> (2 Ed)  Barcelona: Editorial Paidotribo.</P>     <P>13. Enoka R (2002): <I>Neuromechanics of human movement</I>, (3 Ed)  University of Colorado. Champaign: Human Kinetics, USA.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>14. Hamada T, Kimura T, Moritani T (2004): Selective Fatigue of Fast Motor  Units After Electrically Elicited Muscle Contractions, <I>J Electrom Kines</I>  14: 531-538.</P>     <P>15. Hug F, Decherchi P, Marqueste T e Jammes Y (2004): EMG Versus Oxygen  Uptake During Cycling Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects. <I>J Electrom  Kines.</I> 14: 187-195.</P>     <P>16. Jeukendrup A, Achten J (2002): Fatmax – A New Concept to Optimize Fat  Oxidation During Exercise. <I>Europ J Sport Sci.</I> 1(5).</P>     <P>17. Lyons G, Leane G, Clarke-Moloney M, O’Brien J, Grace P (2004): An  investigation of the Effect of Electrode Size and Electrode Location on Comfort  During Stimulation of the Gastrocnemius Muscle. <I>Med Engin Phys.</I> 26:  873-878.</P>     <P>18. Mahler D, Froelicher V, Miller N, Cork T (2002): <I>Manual ACSM para la  valorización y prescripción del ejercicio.</I> Barcelona: Editorial  Paidotribo.</P>     <P>19. Mutton D, Scremin E, Barstow T, Scott M, Kunkel C, Cagle T (1997):  Physiologic Responses During Functional Electrical Stimulation Leg Cycling and  Hybrid Exercise in Spinal Cord Injured Subjects. <I>Arc Phys Med Rehab.</I>  78(7):8-22.</P>     <P>20. Neptune R, Kautz S, Hull M (1997): The Effect of Pedaling Rate on  Coordination in Cycling, <I>J Appl Biomec.</I> 30(10): 1051-1058.</P>     <P>21. Neptune R, Hull M (1996): Methods for Determining Hip Movement in Seated  Cycling and Their Effect on Kinematics and Kinetics, <I>J Appl Biomec.</I> 12:  493-507.</P>     <P>22. Nichols J, Martin A, Wallace B, Fuchs P (2001): <I>From Neuron to  brain</I>, Boston: Sinauer.</P>     <P>23. Paffenbarger R, Blair S, Lee I, Hyde R (1993): Measurement of Physical  Activity to Assess Health Effects in Free-living Populations. <I>Med Sci Sport  Exerc. </I>25: 60-70.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>24. Park S, Silva M (2004): Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Enhances  Fracture Healing: Results of an Animal Model.<I>, J Orthop Res.</I> 22:  382-387.</P>     <P>25. Pollard B (2004): Neuromuscular Monitoring, <I>Current Anaest &amp; Crit  Care.</I> 15: 383-391.</P>     <P>26. Pollock L, Gaesser G, Butcher J, Després J, Dishman R, Franklin B, Garber  C (1998): &gt;The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing  and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in  Healthy Adults, &nbsp;<I>Med Sci Sports Exerc.</I> 30(6).</P>     <P>27. Raasch C, Zajac F, Ma B, Levine W (1997): Muscle Coordination of  Maximum-Speed Pedaling. <I>J Biomec.</I> 30(6): 595-602.</P>     <P>28. Sarre G, Lepers R, Ballay Y, VanHoecke J (2004): Cadence, Power Output  and Mechanical Torque During Pedaling, <I>J Hum Mov Stud.</I> 47: 133-142.</P>     <P>29. Savelberg H, VandePort I, Willems P (2003): Body Configuration in Cycling  Affects Muscle Recruitment and Movement Pattern. <I>J Appl Biomec.</I> 19:  310-324.</P>     <P>30. Seeley R, Stephens T, Tate P (2001): <I>Anatomia e Fisiologia</I>, (3  Ed). Lisboa: Lusodidacta.</P>     <P>31. Sepulveda F, Granat M, Cliquet A (1997): Two Artificial Neural Systems  For Generation of Gait Swing by Means of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation.  <I>Med Engin Phys.</I> 19(1): 21-28.</P>     <P>32. Shephard R, Astrand P (2000): <I>The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine:  Endurance In Sport</I>, Blackwell Scientific, International Olympic Comitee.</P>     <P>33. Siff e Verkoshansky (2002): <I>Superentrenamiento. Barcelona:</I>  Editorial Paidotribo.</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>34. Strojnik V (1998): The Effects of Superimposed Electrical Stimulation of  the Quadriceps Muscles on Performance in Different Motor Tasks. <I>J Sports Med  Phys Fit.</I> 38:194-200.</P>     <P>35. Tepavac D, Schwirtlich L (1997): Detection and Prediction of FES-Induced  Fatigue. <I>J Electrom Kines.</I> 7(1): 39-50.</P>     <P>36. Wheeler G, Andrews B, Lederer R, Davoodi R, Natho K, Weiss C, Jeon J,  Bhambhani Y, Steadward R (2002): Functional Electric Stimulation–Assisted  Rowing: Increasing Cardiovascular Fitness Through Functional Electric  Stimulation Rowing Training in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury, <I>Arc Phys Med  Rehab.</I> 83:1093-1099.</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Data de submissão:</B> Dezembro 2007</P>     <P><b>Data de Aceite:</b> Abril 2007</P>     <P><B></B>&nbsp;</P>     <P><B>Correspondência:</B></P>     <P>Laboratório do Movimento Humano</P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>Instituto Superior da Maia</P>     <P>Portugal.</P>     <P><A href="mailto:acarvalho@ismai.pt">acarvalho@ismai.pt</A>.</P>     ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Astrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodahl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manuel de physiologie de l'exercice physique]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Masson]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
