<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1646-2890</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1646-2890</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1646-28902021000100016</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24873/j.rpemd.2021.01.818</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bond strength of orthodontic brackets to polymethylmethacrylate: effect of the surface treatment and adhesive system]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Adesão de brackets ortodônticos a polimetilmetacrilato: Efeito do tratamento de superfície e do sistema adesivo Palavras-chave:]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rita Matos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jardim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana Godinho, Luís]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina Dentária Department of Orthodontics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>16</fpage>
<lpage>22</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1646-28902021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1646-28902021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1646-28902021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstrac  Objectives:  To evaluate the influence of the surface treatment and adhesive system on the shear bond strength and the failure mode of orthodontic brackets bonded to polymethylmethacrylate surfaces.  Methods:  Ninety metal brackets (n=15) were bonded to aged discs of polymethylmethacrylate SR Ivocron subjected to three surface conditions (no treatment; sandblasting with 50-&#956;m aluminum oxide; roughening with a tungsten bur), using two combinations of adhesives (methylmethacrylate monomer + Transbond XT Primer; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive) followed by the composite Transbond XT. In the control group, metal brackets were bonded with Transbond XT to 15 human mandibular incisors. The specimens were thermocycled, stored in distilled water (37oC, 7 days), and tested in shear, using an Instron universal machine. Failure mode was classified according to the adhesive remnant index using a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed with an analysis of variance and posthoc tests (p&lt;0.05).  Results:  Significant differences were found between the bracket bond strength to polymethylmethacrylate with different surface treatments (p&lt;0.001). Sandblasting with aluminum oxide was superior to tungsten bur roughening. The adhesive system did not significantly influence the shear bond strength nor the failure mode (p=0.8415). All experimental groups showed lower bond strengths than the control group (p=0.1566).  Conclusions:  Mechanical surface treatment significantly influenced the bracket&#8217;s bond strength to polymethylmethacrylate. Sandblasting with aluminum oxide was the most effective mechanical treatment. The weakest adhesive link was found at the acrylic-adhesive interface. Orthodontic bonding to polymethylmethacrylate was weaker than bonding to enamel, regardless of the surface treatment and the adhesive used.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivos:  Avaliar a influência do tratamento de superfície e de sistemas adesivos na resistência adesiva e tipo de falha de brackets metálicos cimentados a superfícies de polimetilmetacrilato.  Métodos:  90 brackets metálicos (n=15) foram cimentados a discos de polimetilmetacrilato SR Ivocron envelhecidos, usando 3 condições de superfície (sem tratamento; jato de óxido de alumínio de 50 &#956;m; broca de tungsténio), utilizando 2 combinações de adesivos (monómero de metilmetacrilato + Transbond XT Primer; Scotchbond Universal Adhesive) seguido do compósito Transbond XT. Brackets cimentados a 15 incisivos mandibulares humanos com Transbond XT foram usados como controlo. A resistência adesiva ao cisalhamento foi avaliada com Instron, após termociclagem e armazenamento em água destilada (37ºC, 7 dias). O tipo de falha foi classificado pelo índice de adesivo residual, utilizando um estereomicroscópio. Os dados foram analisados com uma análise de variância e testes post-hoc (p&lt;0,05).  Resultados:  Verificaram-se diferenças significativas na adesão ao polimetilmetacrilato entre os tratamentos da superfície (p&lt;0,001), sendo o jateamento com óxido de alumínio superior à abrasão com broca de tungsténio. O sistema adesivo não influenciou significativamente a resistência adesiva nem o tipo de falha (p=0,8415). Os grupos experimentais obtiveram valores de adesão inferiores aos do controlo (p=0,1566).  Conclusões:  O tratamento mecânico da superfície influenciou significativamente a adesão de brackets ao polimetilmetacrilato. O jato de óxido de alumínio foi o tratamento mecânico mais eficaz. A união acrílico-adesivo foi o elo mais fraco da interface adesiva. A adesão ao polimetilmetacrilato foi inferior à adesão ao esmalte, independentemente do tratamento de superfície e do adesivo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adhesion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adhesive remnant index]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Adhesives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brackets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Orthodontics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Polymethylmethacrylate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Shear strength]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surface treatment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Adesão]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Índice de adesivo residual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Adesivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Brackets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Ortodontia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Polimetilmetacrilato]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Resistência ao cisalhamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tratamento de superfície]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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