<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1646-2890</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia, Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Port Estomatol Med Dent Cir Maxilofac]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1646-2890</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentária]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1646-28902025000400167</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24873/j.rpemd.2025.12.1555</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A cross-sectional study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Associação entre doença periodontal e doença de Alzheimer: um estudo transversal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vanessa Rocha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amorim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcoforado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gil]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noronha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Lisbon Faculty of Dental Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Egas Moniz School of Health and Science  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Almada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>167</fpage>
<lpage>174</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1646-28902025000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1646-28902025000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1646-28902025000400167&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objectives:  To evaluate whether periodontal disease is more prevalent in adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease compared to adults without the condition.  Methods:  A total of 72 individuals were included in the study: 36 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (test group) and 36 matched individuals without Alzheimer's disease (control group). The diagnosis of periodontal disease was established through a comprehensive periodontal assessment. Additionally, a microbiological analysis of subgingival plaque samples was conducted to detect the main periodontal pathogens.  Results:  Statistically significant differences were observed in periodontitis extent between the two groups: 82.4% of patients in the test group and 56.3% in the control group presented generalized periodontitis. No association was found between the stage and extent of periodontitis and the severity of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, no significant associations were observed between the number of years since Alzheimer's diagnosis and periodontal parameters, including the stage (p=0.659), extent (p=0.551), and grade of periodontitis (p=0.769). Prevotella intermedia was found in 25% of the test group and 5.6% of the control group (p=0.022). Campylobacter rectus appeared in 16.7% of the cases, with a significant difference between groups (p=0.011). Fusobacterium nucleatum was more common in the control group (75%) than in the test group (27.8%), with a significant difference (p&lt;0.001). Eikenella corrodens was detected only in the control group (22.2%) (p=0.005).  Conclusions: Although the overall prevalence of periodontitis was similar between groups, individuals with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease tended to present a greater extent of generalized periodontitis.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivos:  Avaliar se a doença periodontal é mais prevalente em adultos diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer em comparação com adultos sem a patologia.  Métodos:  Foram incluídos 72 indivíduos no estudo: 36 pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer (grupo teste) e 36 indivíduos emparelhados sem Alzheimer (grupo controlo). O diagnóstico de doença periodontal foi estabelecido através de uma avaliação periodontal abrangente. Adicionalmente, foi realizada uma análise microbiológica de amostras de placa subgengival para detetar os principais patógenos periodontais.  Resultados:  Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na extensão da periodontite entre os dois grupos: 82,4% dos doentes do grupo teste e 56,3% do grupo controlo apresentaram periodontite generalizada. Não foi encontrada relação entre o estádio ou a extensão da periodontite e a gravidade dos estádios da doença de Alzheimer. Também não foram observadas associações significativas entre o número de anos desde o diagnóstico de Alzheimer e os parâmetros periodontais, incluindo o estádio (p=0,659), a extensão (p=0,551) e o grau da periodontite (p=0,769). A Prevotella intermedia foi encontrada em 25% dos doentes do grupo teste e em 5,6% do grupo controlo (p=0,022). O Campylobacter rectus apareceu em 16,7% dos casos, com diferença significativa entre os grupos (p=0,011). A Fusobacterium nucleatum foi mais comum no grupo controlo (75%) do que no grupo teste (27,8%), com diferença significativa (p&lt;0,001). A Eikenella corrodens foi detetada apenas no grupo controlo (22,2%) (p=0,005).  Conclusões:  Embora a prevalência de periodontite tenha sido semelhante em ambos os grupos, os doentes com doença de Alzheimer apresentaram mais casos de periodontite generalizada]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alzheimer's disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Periodontal disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Periodontitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Doença de Alzheimer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Doença periodontal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Periodontite]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[A 3rd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Spiro]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dietrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tooth loss and periodontal disease predict poor cognitive function in older men]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Geriatr Soc]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<page-range>713-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singhrao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kesavalu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determining the presence of periodontopathic virulence factors in short-term postmortem Alzheimer&#8217;s disease brain tissue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Alzheimers Dis]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>665-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cestari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacob-Filho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral infections and cytokine levels in patients with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease and mild cognitive impairment compared with controls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Alzheimers Dis]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>1479-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stevens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sussams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Culliford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Periodontitis and cognitive decline in Alzheimer&#8217;s disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksdotter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schultzberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pussinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buhlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between periodontitis and risk of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and subjective cognitive decline: A case-control study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Periodontol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>1287-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seoane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seoane-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pías-Peleteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takkouche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is periodontal disease associated with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease? A systematic review with meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neuroepidemiology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>21-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agnihotri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Alzheimer&#8217;s disease and chronic periodontitis: Is there an association?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geriatr Gerontol Int]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>391-404</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armitage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berglundh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chapple]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ILC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jepsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kornman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions - Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Periodontol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>^s20</numero>
<issue>^s20</issue>
<supplement>20</supplement>
<page-range>S1-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Leary]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The plaque control record]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Periodontol]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainamo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Dent J]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>229-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The treatment of certain infrabony and periodontal defects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Periodontol]]></source>
<year>1950</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>223-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nyman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindhe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Periodontal treatment of multirooted teeth: Results after 5 years]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Periodontol]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>126-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Chiropr Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>155-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reisberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The GDS/FAST staging system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Psychogeriatr]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>167-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reisberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>1136-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sperling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aisen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beckett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bennett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toward defining the pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer&#8217;s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer&#8217;s disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alzheimers Dement]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>280-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pirraglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasanayake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boylan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[TNF-Alpha and antibodies to periodontal bacteria discriminate between Alzheimer&#8217;s disease patients and normal subjects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neuroimmunol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>216</volume>
<page-range>92-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spalti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bishara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguyen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The link between periodontitis and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease - emerging clinical evidence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dentistry Review]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>100062</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borsa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lupi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of the link between periodontal diseases and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Environ Res Public Health]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>9312</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elwishahy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhusari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ilechukwu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horstick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winkler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Porphyromonas gingivalis as a risk factor to Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Alzheimers Dis Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>721-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaliamoorthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nagarajan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sethuraman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jayavel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lakshmanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease and periodontitis - A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from observational studies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Pharm Rep]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<page-range>144-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of periodontitis and oral microbiomes with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A narrative systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Dent Sci]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>1762-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouziane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lattaf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdallaoui Maan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of periodontal disease on Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cureus]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>15</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[APCPSC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagundes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NCF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between periodontitis and cognitive impairment in adults: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Neurol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>323</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beydoun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beydoun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hossain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Hajj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zonderman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical and bacterial markers of periodontitis and their association with incident all-cause and Alzheimer&#8217;s disease dementia in a large national survey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Alzheimers Dis]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>157-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between chronic periodontitis and the risk of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A retrospective, population-based, matched-cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Alzheimers Res Ther]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JAR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holmes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microglia in neurodegenerative disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Neurol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>193-201</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dioguardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crincoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alovisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sovereto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mastrangelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of periodontitis and periodontal bacteria in the onset and progression of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease: A systematic review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>495</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
