<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1646-5830</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Obstétrica e Ginecológica Portuguesa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Obstet Ginecol Port]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1646-5830</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Euromédice, Edições Médicas Lda.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1646-58302024000100026</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Prevenção da restrição do crescimento fetal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevention of fetal growth restriction]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarida Leal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iolanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Areia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Luísa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Coimbra Faculdade de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Serviço de Obstetrícia A ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Coimbra ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>26</fpage>
<lpage>34</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1646-58302024000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1646-58302024000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1646-58302024000100026&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A restrição do crescimento fetal (RCF) é uma complicação da gravidez responsável por desfechos obstétricos adversos. Esta revisão apresenta como objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade clínica e as limitações do ácido acetilsalicílico, da heparina de baixo peso molecular, da pravastatina e do sildenafil na prevenção da RCF. A literatura mostra que estes fármacos apresentam um perfil promissor na profilaxia da RCF, na melhoria da fluxometria Doppler e de outros desfechos obstétricos, como a idade gestacional e o peso fetal ao nascimento. Contudo, ainda nenhum fármaco está aprovado para a profilaxia da RCF.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Fetal growth restriction is a pregnancy complication responsible for adverse obstetric outcomes. This review aims to evaluate the clinical applicability and the limitations of acetylsalicylic acid, low molecular weight heparin, pravastatin and sildenafil in the prevention of fetal growth restriction. The literature shows that these drugs have a promising profile in preventing fetal growth restriction, improving ultrasound Doppler and other obstetric outcomes, such as gestational age and fetal birth weight. However, no drug is yet approved for the prophylaxis of fetal growth restriction.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Restrição do crescimento fetal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Aspirina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Heparina de baixo peso molecular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Pravastatina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Sildenafil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fetal growth retardation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Aspirin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Low-molecular-weight heparin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pravastatin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sildenafil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baschat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yinon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Athanasiadis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mecacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Gynaecol Obstet]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<numero>Suppl 1</numero>
<issue>Suppl 1</issue>
<page-range>3-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bettiol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avagliano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crescioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Emmi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urban]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pharmacological Interventions for the Prevention of Fetal Growth Restriction A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>189-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recurrence Risk of Fetal Growth Restriction Management of Subsequent Pregnancies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>419-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eixarch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazarico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paulés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vellvé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Guideline: Fetal Growth Defects (document on the Internet). Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nawathe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[David]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prophylaxis and treatment of foetal growth restriction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>66-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fetal Growth Restriction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[StatPearls (Internet)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<page-range>s</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Treasure Island(FL) ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[StatPearls Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hiersch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fetal growth velocity and body proportion in the assessment of growth]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Groom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[David]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of aspirin, heparin, and other interventions in the prevention and treatment of fetal growth restriction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
<page-range>S829-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jauniaux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pathophysiology of placental-derived fetal growth restriction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
<page-range>S745-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCowan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evidence-based national guidelines for the management of suspected fetal growth restriction comparison, consensus, and controversy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
<page-range>S855-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornforth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kenny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal sildenafil for severe fetal growth restriction (STRIDER) a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet Child Adolesc Health]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>93-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The direct cost of low birth weight]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Future Child]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skeith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blondon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ní Áinle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Understanding and Preventing Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hamostaseologie]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>356-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antiphospholipid Antibodies Increase the Risk of Fetal Growth Restriction A Systematic Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Clin Pract]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>2022</volume>
<page-range>4308470</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belhomme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doudnikoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henriot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aspirine indications et utilisation durant la grossesse (Aspirin: Indications and use during pregnancy)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Med Interne]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>825-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robertson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of low-dose aspirin on adverse perinatal outcome meta-analysis and meta-regression]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>157-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanescu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ples]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low dose aspirin for preventing fetal growth restriction a randomised trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Perinat Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>776-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicolaides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hyett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaillet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bujold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of aspirin dose on the prevention of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction: systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>216</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bujold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morency]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacasse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forest]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giguère]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acetylsalicylic acid for the prevention of preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth restriction in women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynaecol Can]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>818-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zullino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clemenza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mecacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petraglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH) and Implications along Pregnancy a Focus on the Placenta]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reprod Sci]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1414-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLaughlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hobson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chandran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agrawal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Windrim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Circulating maternal placental growth factor responses to low-molecular-weight heparin in pregnant patients at risk of placental dysfunction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Lemini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ullmo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llurba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low-molecular-weight heparin for prevention of preeclampsia and other placenta-mediated complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>226</volume>
<numero>2S</numero>
<issue>2S</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shirazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naeiji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharbaf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golshahi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fathi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nazari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic role of enoxaparin in intra-uterine growth restriction A randomized clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>102070</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llurba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazarico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Roig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diego]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early Prophylactic Enoxaparin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction A Randomized Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fetal Diagn Ther]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>824-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Groom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCowan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mackay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Said]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enoxaparin for the prevention of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction in women with a history: a randomized trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>216</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kupferminc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kliger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rimon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asher-Landsberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skornick-Rapaport]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamzu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pravastatin is useful for prevention of recurrent severe placenta-mediated complications - a pilot study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<issue>25</issue>
<page-range>8055-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrer-Oliveras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonacina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Manau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluating the Effect of Pravastatin in Early-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction A Nonrandomized and Historically Controlled Pilot Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>1472-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khalil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cornforth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of sildenafil on maternal hemodynamics in pregnancies complicated by severe early-onset fetal growth restriction planned subgroup analysis from a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>198-209</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RDDS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simões]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of sildenafil in maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy A systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of L-arginine and sildenafil citrate on intrauterine growth restriction fetuses a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pregnancy Childbirth]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>225</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elvan-Taspinar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drongelen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duvekot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal Sildenafil vs Placebo in Pregnant Women With Severe Early-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction A Randomized Clinical Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maged]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wageh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elmetwally]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of sildenafil citrate in cases of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR); a prospective trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>483-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shehata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NAA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HAA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fahim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Katta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Addition of sildenafil citrate for treatment of severe intrauterine growth restriction a double blind randomized placebo controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1631-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El-Sayed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saleh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khidre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utero-placental perfusion Doppler indices in growth restricted fetuses effect of sildenafil citrate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1045-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von Dadelszen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audibert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bujold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Halting the Canadian STRIDER randomised controlled trial of sildenafil for severe, early-onset fetal growth restriction ethical, methodological, and pragmatic considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Res Notes]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>244</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rasheedy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Bishry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal low molecular weight heparin versus sildenafil citrate for fetal growth restriction a randomized, parallel groups, open-label clinical trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>715-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
