<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2182-3030</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[CIDADES, Comunidades e Territórios]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[CIDADES]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2182-3030</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, Centro de Estudos sobre a Mudança Socioeconómica e o Território]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2182-30302023000300087</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15847/cct.28721</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Será a condição de sem-abrigo uma questão de escolha? Um estudo exploratório realizado nos Açores]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Is homelessness a matter of choice? An exploratory study held in Azores]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lídia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lages]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hélder]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE) DINÂMIA&#8217;CET-Iscte ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade dos Açores  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Évora  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Novo Dia - Associação para a Inclusão Social  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>au23</numero>
<fpage>87</fpage>
<lpage>104</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2182-30302023000300087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2182-30302023000300087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2182-30302023000300087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Uma das questões críticas no debate público em torno da condição de sem-abrigo está associada à perceção, amplamente difundida na Europa, que a maior parte das pessoas que permanecem nesta condição o fazem por fatores de natureza comportamental, do domínio da livre escolha. Argumenta-se que este facto, imputando a responsabilidade do problema no indivíduo, condiciona o debate, assim como as respostas sociais e políticas neste campo. Neste artigo são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de um estudo exploratório centrado nos Açores, assente num quadro metodológico de investigação-ação participativa, que incluiu a combinação de metodologias extensivas e intensivas. Em primeiro lugar, destacamos alguns dados relativos à contagem e caraterização sociodemográfica realizada com base num inquérito online, semelhante ao adotado no âmbito da Estratégia Nacional para a Integração de Pessoas em Situação de Sem-Abrigo (ENIPSSA), referindo-se a 31 de dezembro de 2020. Em segundo lugar, propondo um aprofundamento da tipologia Europeia sobre a situação de sem abrigo e exclusão habitacional (ETHOS), exploramos o significado de estar em situação de sem-abrigo com base em seis grupos focais envolvendo dois tipos de atores cuja perspetiva é considerada relevante para entender esta problemática - pessoas nesta condição e profissionais a trabalhar com este público-alvo. Estes dados são analisados à luz do problema da livre escolha, identificando alguns dos debates cruciais que poderão estar a condicionar as escolhas societais. Verifica-se uma tendência de crescimento do fenómeno em que fatores de natureza estrutural poderão estar a contribuir para aumentar o número de pessoas envolvidas, assim como a gravidade da situação experienciada em cada um dos domínios abordados. Considera-se ainda que individualização do problema concorre para a normalização da condição de sem-abrigo, sendo essencial reconhecer que recoloca em cima da mesa o debate sobre definições coletivas de cidadania.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract One of the critical issues in the public debate around homelessness is associated with the perception, widely held in Europe, that most people who remain homeless do so due to behavioural factors in the domain of free choice. It is argued that this fact, by imputing responsibility for the problem on the individual, constrains the debate as well social and political responses in this field. This article presents and discusses the results of an exploratory study focused on the Azores, based on the frame of participatory action research, including extensive and intensive methodologies. Firstly, we highlight some data regarding the count and socio-demographic characterization based on an online survey similar to the one adopted under the National Strategy for the Integration of People Experiencing Homelessness, referring to December 31st, 2020. Secondly, proposing a deepening of the European typology on homelessness and housing exclusion (ETHOS), we explore the meaning of being homeless based on six focus groups involving two actors whose perspective is considered relevant to understand this issue - people in this condition and professionals working with this target audience. Data were analysed considering the problem of free choice, identifying some of the crucial debates which may be conditioning societal choices. There is a growing trend in the phenomenon in which structural factors may be contributing to an increase in the number of people involved, as well as the severity of the situation faced in each of the domains discussed. It is also considered that the individualization of the problem contributes to the normalization of homelessness, and it is essential to recognize that it brings back to the spotlight the debate on collective definitions of citizenship.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[condição de sem-abrigo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[exclusão social e habitacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Açores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[livre-escolha]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[homelessness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social and housing exclusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Azores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[free choice]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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