<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2182-5173</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Port Med Geral Fam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2182-5173</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Associação Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2182-51732024000100073</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32385/rpmgf.v40i1.13734</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Cair no diagnóstico de VIH: relato de caso]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fall into HIV diagnosis: case report]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cláudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS Nordeste UCSP Santa Maria I ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS Nordeste UCSP Santa Maria I ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>28</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>28</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>73</fpage>
<lpage>76</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000100073&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  A prevalência da infeção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (VIH) parece haver estabilizado nos 0,7%, enquanto em alguns países continua a aumentar. Durante muitos anos estava apenas associada ao continente africano e a populações específicas, mas atualmente constata-se um aumento de incidência nos países desenvolvidos. Esta infeção pode ser assintomática ou ter sintomas inespecíficos. Estes dependem do estádio da doença, da carga viral ou do estado imune do hospedeiro. Este caso mostra o desafio do diagnóstico de VIH, relatando uma forma de apresentação sintomática rara.  Descrição do caso:  Homem de 21 anos de idade, de nacionalidade angolana, que recorre à consulta aberta nos cuidados de saúde primários por quedas frequentes no último mês associadas a sensação de falta de força nos membros inferiores. À avaliação física constata-se uma discreta diminuição global da força nas quatro extremidades, com maior tradução no membro superior esquerdo. Nega práticas sexuais de risco ou consumo de drogas parenterais. Após realização de estudo analítico, estudo eletromiográfico e tomografia computorizada crânio-encefálica, da coluna cervical e lombar, constata-se um resultado positivo para a infeção por VIH como a causa desencadeante da sintomatologia apresentada.  Comentário:  O que inicialmente pareciam sintomas relacionados com uma doença neuromuscular incipiente veio a revelar-se o diagnóstico de uma infeção vírica. Pela inespecificidade dos seus sintomas é importante manter um elevado nível de suspeição para a infeção por VIH. No caso relatado, a neuropatia periférica era a única manifestação desta infeção. Ainda que tenha uma prevalência de até 60% entre os infetados, é rara como manifestação isolada. A sua etiopatologia não é ainda clara, sabe-se que é multifatorial e progressiva. Presentemente o doente encontra-se estável com o início da terapêutica antirretroviral, com melhoria da sintomatologia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seems to be stabilized at 0.7% but in some countries, it continues to rise. For many years it was only associated with the African continent and specific populations, but today there is an increase in the incidence in developed countries. This infection can be asymptomatic or have non-specific symptoms. Those depend on the stage of the disease, the viral load, or the host&#8217;s immune status. This case shows how the diagnosis of HIV remains a real challenge, reporting a rare form of symptomatic presentation.  Case description:  A 21-year-old male, with Angolan nationality, went to primary health care consultation due to frequent falls in the last month associated with a sensation of lack of strength in the lower limbs. During physical evaluation, a discrete global reduction of strength in the four extremities was noted, most markedly in the left upper limb. The patient denied risky sexual practices or parenteral drug consumption. After carrying out complementary analytical studies, an electromyographic study, and computed tomography of the brain, cervical, and lumbar spine, the results came back positive for HIV infection as the cause of the presented symptoms.  Comment:  What at first seemed to be symptoms related to an incipient neuromuscular disease turned out to be the diagnosis of a viral infection. Due to the nonspecificity of the symptoms, it is important to maintain a high level of suspicion of HIV infection. In this case, peripheral neuropathy was the only manifestation reported. Although it has a prevalence of up to 60% among the infected, it is rare as an isolated sign. Its aetiopathology is still unclear, but it is known to be multifactorial and progressive. Nowadays the patient is stable after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy, with improvement in symptomology.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[VIH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Neuropatia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Dor neuropática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[HIV]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuropathic pain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuropathy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quinn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global epidemiology of HIV infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[UpToDate]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sax]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acute and early HIV infection: clinical manifestations and diagnosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[UpToDate]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The natural history and clinical features of HIV infection in adults and adolescents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[UpToDate]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wulff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV-associated peripheral neuropa-thy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Drugs]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1251-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Direção-Geral da Saúde - Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Infeção por VIH em Portugal - 2022]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DGS/INSA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Egan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eckmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV neuropathy a review of mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of pain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Pain Headache Rep]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Selected peripheral neuropathies associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection and antiretroviral therapy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurovirol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>^s2</numero>
<issue>^s2</issue>
<supplement>2</supplement>
<page-range>33-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV peripheral neuropathy pathophysiology and clinical implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AACN Clin Issues]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>30-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Millogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawadogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lankoandé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawadogo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Syndrome de Guillain-Barré chez les patients infectés par le VIH à Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Neurol (Paris)]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>559-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anastasi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pakhomova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment and management of HIV distal sensory peripheral neuropathy understanding the symptoms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nurse Pract]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>276-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wadley]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cherry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV-associated sensory neuropathy risk factors and genetics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Pain Headache Rep]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>226-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schütz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson-Papp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[HIV-related neuropathy current perspectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[HIV AIDS (Auckl)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>243-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cherry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wadley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosing and treating HIV-associated sensory neuropathy a global perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pain Manag]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>191-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
