<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2182-5173</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Port Med Geral Fam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2182-5173</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Associação Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2182-51732024000500505</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32385/rpmgf.v40i5.13905</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[PFAPA syndrome: a case report of a challenging diagnosis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Síndroma PFAPA: um relato de caso com diagnóstico desafiante]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tiago de Castro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leitão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cláudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Basto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS de Braga  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,ULS de Braga USF Manuel Rocha Peixoto ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Braga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>505</fpage>
<lpage>509</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000500505&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000500505&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2182-51732024000500505&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis) is the most common cause of periodic fever in childhood. Typically, it occurs in children up to five years old and is characterized by sudden and recurrent episodes of high-spiking fever accompanied by at least one of the other eponymous features. This case report enhances the importance of its recognition, to prevent unnecessary tests and/or treatments.  Case description:  We present a case of a four-year-old boy, with no relevant background, observed multiple times in primary and secondary care settings due to fever. His parents reported monthly episodes of high fever, usually along with pharyngitis, oral aphthosis, and/or cervical adenitis. He was completely asymptomatic between crises and showed normal growth and psychomotor development. Several oropharyngeal and nasal swab tests were performed, with negative results. After some investigation and articulation with his pediatrician, a diagnosis of PFAPA syndrome was made and he started oral corticosteroids, a single dose on the first day of every episode, obtaining fast and complete symptomatic relief.  Comment:  PFAPA syndrome diagnosis is challenging, and its process can trigger anxiety in the patient, his family, and even in healthcare professionals. However, this relatively common and benign condition tends to be self-limited, usually with spontaneous resolution before adolescence. Its recognition by the medical community is essential, particularly in primary care settings since family physicians are usually the first point of medical contact within the healthcare system. This case report enhances the family physician&#8217;s core competence to manage illness with nonspecific presentations and the importance of the interface with other specialties to provide the best care to the community.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  O síndroma PFAPA (Febre Periódica, Estomatite aftosa, Faringite e Adenite) é a causa mais comum de febre periódica na infância. Ocorre tipicamente em crianças até aos cinco anos de idade e caracteriza-se por episódios recorrentes de febre alta acompanhada por pelo menos mais uma característica típica. Este caso clínico releva a importância do seu reconhecimento, com o objetivo de prevenir a realização de meios complementares de diagnóstico e terapêuticas desnecessários.  Descrição do caso:  Criança do sexo masculino, de quatro anos de idade, sem antecedentes pessoais de relevo, observada múltiplas vezes em contexto de cuidados de saúde primários e secundários por febre. Os pais referiam episódios de febre alta, geralmente acompanhada por faringite, aftose oral e/ou adenite cervical. Entre crises encontrava-se completamente assintomática e apresentava desenvolvimento estaturo ponderal e psicomotor normal. Foram realizadas várias zaragatoas orofaríngeas e nasais, sempre com resultados negativos. Após investigação e articulação com o seu pediatra estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de síndroma PFAPA. A criança iniciou corticoterapia oral em dose única no primeiro dia de cada episódio, obtendo-se alívio sintomático rápido e completo.  Comentário:  O diagnóstico de síndroma PFAPA é desafiante e o seu processo pode ser ansiogénico para o doente e sua família, mas também para os profissionais de saúde. No entanto, trata-se de uma condição relativamente comum e benigna, tendencialmente autolimitada e com resolução espontânea antes da adolescência. É fundamental o seu reconhecimento pela comunidade médica, em particular nos cuidados de saúde primários, uma vez que o médico de família constitui geralmente o primeiro contacto médico nos serviços de saúde. Este caso clínico reforça a competência nuclear do médico de família na gestão da doença que se apresenta de forma inespecífica e a importância da multidisciplinariedade, no sentido de providenciar os melhores cuidados à comunidade.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PFAPA syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Periodic fever]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tonsilitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cervical adenitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Aphthous stomatitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Case report]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Síndroma PFAPA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Febre periódica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Amigdalite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Adenite cervical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Estomatite aftosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Relato de caso]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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