<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2182-7435</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2182-7435</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudos Sociais]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2182-74352024000300101</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4000/13bzc</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A &#8220;hub of decolonisation&#8221;: Lusaka, liberation movements and the struggle for black majority rule in Southern Africa, 1960&#8209;1980]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Um &#8220;eixo da descolonização&#8221;: Lusaca, movimentos de libertação e a luta pela regra da maioria negra na África Austral, 1960&#8209;1980]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Une « plaque tournante de la décolonisation » : Lusaka, les mouvements de libération et la lutte pour la règle de la majorité noire en Afrique australe, 1960&#8209;1980]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chongo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clarence]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Zambia School of Humanities and Social Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lusaka ]]></addr-line>
<country>Zambia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>135</numero>
<fpage>101</fpage>
<lpage>130</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2182-74352024000300101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2182-74352024000300101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2182-74352024000300101&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The intensification of liberation wars in Southern Africa in the early 1970s led to the spontaneous influx of African nationalists into Zambia, the majority of whom settled in the country&#8217;s capital, Lusaka and adjacent areas. Lusaka became an important public space for the activists. Apart from embracing it as their second home, the nationalists used the city&#8217;s safe spaces to organise armed resistance. The city served not only as a crucial site for the recruitment of fighters and a transit centre for activists who sought military training abroad, but also as an important diplomatic venue for the anti&#8209;colonial movement in the sub region. Based on Zambian archival sources, the article examines the significance of Lusaka as a centre of anti&#8209;colonial resistance for Southern Africa. It builds on existing scholarship on major &#8220;hubs of decolonisation&#8221; in Africa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A intensificação das guerras de libertação na África Austral no início da década de 1970 levou à afluência espontânea de nacionalistas africanos para a Zâmbia, sendo que a maioria se estabeleceu na capital do país, Lusaca, e nas áreas adjacentes. Lusaca tornou&#8209;se um espaço público importante para os ativistas. Para além de a acolherem como a sua segunda casa, os nacionalistas utilizaram os espaços seguros da cidade para organizar a resistência armada. A cidade serviu não só como um local crucial para o recrutamento de combatentes e como centro de trânsito para ativistas que procuravam treino militar no estrangeiro, mas também como um importante palco diplomático para o movimento anticolonial na sub&#8209;região. Baseado em fontes arquivísticas zambianas, este artigo examina a importância de Lusaca enquanto centro de resistência anticolonial na África Austral. Baseia&#8209;se nos estudos existentes relativos aos principais &#8220;eixos de descolonização&#8221; em África.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé L&#8217;intensification des guerres de libération en Afrique australe au début des années 1970 a conduit à un afflux spontané de nationalistes africains en Zambie, dont la majorité s&#8217;est installée dans la capitale du pays, Lusaka, et ses environs. Lusaka est devenue un espace public important pour les activistes. En plus de l&#8217;adopter comme leur deuxième maison, les nationalistes ont utilisé les espaces sûrs de la ville pour organiser la résistance armée. La ville a servi non seulement de site crucial pour le recrutement de combattants et de centre de transit pour les activistes en quête de formation militaire à l&#8217;étranger, mais aussi comme une scène diplomatique importante pour le mouvement anticolonial dans la sous&#8209;région. S&#8217;appuyant sur des sources archivistiques zambiennes, cet article examine la signification de Lusaka en tant que centre de résistance anticoloniale pour l&#8217;Afrique australe. Il s&#8217;appuie sur les recherches existantes sur les principales « plaques tournantes de décolonisation » en Afrique.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[African nationalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anticolonialism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[armed resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[liberation movements]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lusaka (Zambia)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Southern Africa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[África Austral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[anticolonialismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Lusaca (Zâmbia)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[movimentos de libertação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[nacionalismo africano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[resistência armada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Afrique australe]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[anticolonialisme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Lusaka (Zambie)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[mouvements de libération]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[nationalisme africain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[résistance armée]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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