<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2182-8458</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tourism & Management Studies]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TMStudies]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2182-8458</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escola Superior de Gestão, Hotelaria e Turismo da Universidade do Algarve]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2182-84582025000200097</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18089/tms.20250207</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Employee Silence and Psychological Safety: Insights from an Aviation Company with Broader Organizational Applications]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Silêncio dos trabalhadores e segurança psicológica: Percepções de uma empresa de aviação com aplicações organizacionais mais amplas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel Costa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moniz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Isabel Damião de Serpa Arruda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Suzana Nunes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osvaldo Dias Lopes da]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of the Azores  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ponta Delgada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of the Azores School of Social Sciences and Humanities ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ponta Delgada ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>97</fpage>
<lpage>111</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2182-84582025000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2182-84582025000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2182-84582025000200097&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study investigates the relationship between psychological safety and different types of silence - defensive, diffident, relational, ineffectual, and deviant - within the context of employee-supervisor interactions. Additionally, it examines the impact of sociodemographic variables on the manifestation of silence and its association with psychological safety. The research included 486 employees from a Portuguese aviation company. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods with SmartPLS. The results indicate a negative correlation between psychological safety and all types of silence, suggesting that psychologically safe work environments reduce employees' tendency to withhold concerns. Furthermore, significant effects of sex, education, and seniority were observed in the adoption of silence. Based on these findings, the study proposes innovative strategies to enhance psychological safety and mitigate silence, fostering a more open environment for communication, innovation, and active employee participation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este estudo investiga a relação entre segurança psicológica e diferentes tipos de silêncio - defensivo, por timidez, pró-social, aquiescente e maquiavélico - no contexto das interações entre colaboradores e supervisores. Além disso, analisa o impacto de variáveis sociodemográficas na manifestação do silêncio e sua associação com a segurança psicológica. A investigação contou com a participação de 486 colaboradores de uma empresa portuguesa de aviação. Os dados foram analisados com métodos estatísticos descritivos e inferenciais, utilizando SmartPLS. Os resultados indicam uma correlação negativa entre segurança psicológica e todos os tipos de silêncio, sugerindo que ambientes de trabalho psicologicamente seguros reduzem a tendência do colaborador de reter preocupações. Além disso, foram observados efeitos significativos do sexo, escolaridade e antiguidade na adoção do silêncio. Com base nesses resultados, o estudo propõe estratégias inovadoras para fortalecer a segurança psicológica e mitigar o silêncio, promovendo um ambiente mais aberto à comunicação, inovação e participação ativa dos colaboradores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Employee Silence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Psychological Safety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Upward Communication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Aviation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Well-being]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[silêncio do colaborador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[segurança psicológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comunicação ascendente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[aviação]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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